基于因子分析的九省城市园林发展水平评估

通过九个省（直辖市）所辖地级市的园林发展水平评估，为促进城市园林绿地协调发展提供依据。采用因子分析法，选取园林绿地面积（x1）、公共绿地面积（x2）、人均绿地面积（x3）、建成区绿化覆盖面积（x4）、建成区绿化覆盖率（x5）5个指标，将以河南省为中心的九省（直辖市）作为研究区。建立因子得分函数为F1=0．311Zx1＋0．368Zx2-0．115Zx3＋0．367Zx4-0．049Zx5；F2=0．079Zx1-0．105Zx2＋0．662Zx3-0．092Zx4＋0．556Zx5（Z为标准化处理后的数值），园林发展水平评估函数F（x）=0．60498F1＋0．24277F2。除北京、天津两个直辖市外，城市园林发展水平平均最高的是山东省，最低的是陕西省。山东省各地级城市的园林发展水平分布最均匀，在排名前30位的城市中，山东省占11个，湖北省各地级城市的园林发展水平分布最不均匀。所有的省会都具有较高的城市园林发展水平。各省（直辖市）以及其所辖地级市的GDP曲线和城市园林发展水平得分曲线都高度吻合，说明城市经济水平直接决定了城市园林绿地的建设水平。

Factor Analysis Based Evaluation of Urban Landscape Architectural Level of Nine Provinces in China

The urban landscape-architectural level of prefecture-level cities supervised is estimated by nine Chinese provinces or municipalities directly under the central government to provide the basis of harmonious development of urban green belts. Five criteria, x1-x5 were selected based on factor-analysis for the study area in and around the Henan Province, namely park area (x1), public green area (x2), per capita green area (x3), the green area of built zone (x4) and the vegetation coverage of built zone (x5). The result shoured that functions of factor score are: F1=0.311Zx1+0.368Zx2-0.115Zx3+0.367Zx4-0.049Zx5;F2=0.079Zx1-0.105Zx2+0.662Zx3-0.092Zx4+0.556Zx5,(Z is standardized), while the evaluating function of landscape-architectural level is F(x)=0.60498F1+0.24277F2. Excluding Beijing & Tianjin, Shandong is higher in average than others, while Shaanxi has the lowest average level. As for the evenness, Shandong is also higher than others, with eleven of the first thirty cities, while Hubei has the lowest average level, and all the provincial capitals have higher average landscape-architectural level. There is a perfect coincidence between the curve of GDP and the curve of urban landscape-architectural level for all provinces and cities, indicating that the landscape-architectural level hinges on the economic level.