下游持股对钢铁行业三级供应链的影响与分析

研究了下游对上游持股情况下的上游占优三级供应链模型.采用外包理论中买卖结构的土耳其模型为基本框架,并在下游分为两条支链,运用博弈论的观点和方法研究比较了在无持股与有持股情况下铁矿石的均衡价格以及供应链各成员之间的利润分配.最后模型分析结果揭示了下游持股对供应链整体及其他支链的影响.当某一支链的下游对上游垄断的供应商持股时,会增加自身和上游供应商的利润,但同时也会对另一条支链的下游利润和产量不利影响.

Analysis of Downstream Shareholding in the Three-Tier Supply Chain of Steel Industry

In recent years, the downstream shareholding of upstream impacts whole steel industry. The price of iron ore and the allocation of profits in supply chain have changed much more than general forecast. In this paper, the research uses turnkey model of outsourcing theory to analyze the impact of downstream shareholding to the steel industry supply chain. In the first part, the three-tier branched supply chain without shareholding gives equilibrium solution to the price of iron ore and the allocation of profits. The comparison between branched supply chain and non-branched supply chain leads to that the manufacturer which provides low level products loses some profit with the rise of iron ore price. In the second part, the three-tier branched supply chain with downstream shareholding also gives equilibrium solution to the price of iron ore and the allocation of profits. The comparison between supply chain with shareholding and supply chain without shareholding leads to that the low level manufacturer suffers more loss. In summary, downstream shareholding raises the whole profit of steel industry supply chain. However, the high level manufacturer and the supplier of iron ore gain all extra profit. The low level manufacturer suffers much more loss than before. To get rid of this trouble, the low level manufacturer needs some improvement in technology to transfer to high level manufacturer and makes some efforts to hold suppliers.