模拟样机技术在轿车转向轮结构参数优化的应用

轿车行驶中转向轮定位参数呈非线性变化,若其变幅过大将影响操纵稳定和轮胎磨损。以定型轿车为目标研究定位参数变化规律,可实现定位结构参数优化。剖析目标车型结构及动态特性,在Hypermesh限元网格划分前处理软件中建立有限元横摆臂并进行处理,导入ADAMS(automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical systems)机械系统动力学自动分析软件中的Car模块建立符合动态实体的前悬架三维刚柔耦合模型。设置边界条件导入ADAMS/car进行模拟试验,确定优化目标。根据前悬架侧滑理论,进行了双滑板侧滑试验,得到车辆侧滑量与前束值的函数关系,并利用多项式回归方法对其验证。得到最佳匹配的前束角与外倾角,调整初始定位参数并进行试验,试验结果表明:前束角变化量下降19.09%,外倾角变化量下降39.94%。

Application of Virtual Prototype Technology in Optimizing Structural Parameters of Car Steering Wheel

The positioning parameters of the steering wheel in the car are nonlinearly changed, and if the variations are too large, the handling stability and tire wear will be affected. The optimization of positioning structure parameters is realized in this paper by studying the changing law of positioning parameters. The structure and dynamic characteristics of the target vehicle are studied. The finite element model of the lower-control arm is established and processed in the finite element mesh preprocessing software Hypermesh, and then it is imported to the car module of ADAMS(Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical Systems)to establish a three-dimensional rigid-flexible coupling model, which is conformed to the dynamic entity. The boundary conditions are also introduced into the ADAMS/car for simulation testing and the determination of the optimization targets. According to the front suspension side slip theory, the double skateboard sideslip test is carried out, and the relationship between the vehicle side slip and the toe value is obtained, and it is verified by the polynomial regression method. The best matching toe angle and camber angle are obtained, and the initial positioning parameters are adjusted and a test is carried out. The test results show that the variation of the front toe angle is decreased by 19.09% and the variation of camber angle is decreased by 39.94%.