岩石与类岩石单轴压缩过程中力学及声发射特性对比研究

开展石灰岩、砂岩与类岩石的单轴压缩声发射实验，从力学参数、破坏形态及声发射时域参数、频谱特征等多角度对比分析其破裂过程的异同。研究结果表明：石灰岩、砂岩在达到峰值应力后瞬间破坏，为脆性破坏；而类岩石在峰值应力后依然有残余强度，为塑性破坏；前者在临近破坏前会出现标志破坏前兆的声发射低事件率缺失现象，后者不明显。岩石声发射事件率呈现前低后高特征，类岩石则为‘高-低-高’，相应的声发射能率表现出高度的一致性；不同变形阶段两者的声发射频带分布不同，反映出两者内部破裂演化的差异性。

Comparative study on mechanical and acoustic emission characteristics of rock and rock-like during uniaxial compression

Acoustic emission experiments of limestone, sandstone and similar rocks under uniaxial compression were carried out, and the similarities and differences of the fracture process were compared and analyzed from multiple perspectives such as mechanical parameters, failure modes, AE time domain parameters and spectral characteristics. The results show that the limestone and sandstone fail instantaneously after reaching the peak stress, which is brittle failure. However, there is still residual strength after the peak stress of similar rock, which is plastic failure. In the former, the absence of low event rate of acoustic emission, which marks the precursor of the failure, will occur before the near failure, while in the latter, it is not obvious. The AE event rate of rocks is low before and then high, while that of similar rocks is'' high-low-high '', and the corresponding AE energy rate shows a high degree of consistency. The distribution of acoustic emission bands is different in different deformation stages, which reflects the difference of internal fracture evolution between the two.