基于DATCOM承载电动无人机纵向稳定性操纵性分析

为分析承载电动无人机在初步设计阶段的纵向稳定性和操纵性，并进一步为飞行控制系统设计提供参考数据，通过使用DATCOM软件计算其气动系数，应用小扰动法将非线性运动方程化为线性，并使用MATLAB软件计算其纵向运动特征方程的方法，研究了无人机承载前后的纵向稳定性和操纵性。结果表明：承载电动无人机在加装载荷前后都具有良好的纵向稳定性和操纵性；承载后的速度、俯仰角、迎角和俯仰角速度受扰动后恢复时间是空载时的2.5至2.7倍；升降舵偏转对速度增加量是空载时的2.5倍。本文提出了承载前后的电动无人机的纵向稳定性和操纵性的分析方法，对各种尺寸和重量构型的无人机飞行控制系统初步设计具有重要的参考价值。

An Analysis on Longitudinal Stability and Maneuverability of Loaded Electric UAV based on DATCOM

In order to analyze the longitudinal stability and maneuverability of the loaded electric UAV in the preliminary design stage, and provide reference data for further design of flight control system, with the method that DATCOM software was used to calculate its aerodynamic coefficients; the small perturbation method was used to linearize the nonlinear motion equation, and MATLAB software was used to calculate its longitudinal motion characteristic equation, the longitudinal stability and maneuverability of UAV are studied. The results show that the UAV has good longitudinal stability and maneuverability before and after loading; the recovery time of speed, pitching angle, angle of attack and pitching rate after disturbed with load increases to 2.5-2.7 times of no-load; the influence of elevator deflection on speed increment with load is 2.5 times of no-load. The analysis method of the longitudinal stability and maneuverability of the electric UAV before and after loading is proposed in this paper, and it has important reference value for the preliminary design of the flight control system of the UAV with various dimensions and weight configurations.