基于模糊相似优先比法的济南四大泉群补给来源

为维持济南四大泉群持续喷涌,探明泉水的补给来源尤为重要.以补给区岩溶水与泉水水化学特征为依据,利用模糊相似优先比法确定趵突泉、黑虎泉、潭西泉、珍珠泉模糊相似优先顺序,结合泉群出露区地质、水文地质条件以及泉水水质、水温、水位、电导率数据,对四大泉群补给来源进行研究.可以得出:①泉水主要受东南、西南、正南方向岩溶水补给,且四大泉群主要受到寒武系张夏组岩溶水以及寒武系凤山组-奥陶系岩溶水混合补给;②趵突泉接受西南、正南、东南方向奥陶系岩溶水补给较多,黑虎泉接受其东部以及正南方向奥陶系岩溶水补给较多,潭西泉接受西南、正南方向寒武系岩溶水补给较多,珍珠泉主要接受东南寒武系岩溶水补给;③四大泉群泉水形成模式不同,趵突泉泉群与黑虎泉泉群主要表现为寒武系凤山组-奥陶系岩溶水通过局部侵入岩的天窗喷出排泄,其循环深度较浅,属于侵蚀成泉.五龙潭泉群和珍珠泉泉群主要表现为寒武系张夏组岩溶水通过侵入岩裂隙喷出地表,其循环深度较深,属于接触带成泉.四大泉群补给来源的研究,为泉水保护工作提供了科学依据.

Replenishment Sources of Four Great Springs in Jinan Based on Fuzzy Similarity Priority Ratio

In order to maintain the continuous gushing of the four major springs in Jinan, it is particularly important to ascertain the source of spring water recharging. Based on the chemical characteristics of karst water and spring water in the recharge area, the fuzzy similarity priority ratio method was used to determine the priority order of fuzzy similarity of Baotu Spring, Heihu Spring, Tanxi Spring, and Pearl Spring. Combined with the geological and hydrogeological conditions of the spring group outcropping area and the data of spring water quality, water temperature, water level and conductivity, the recharge sources of the four spring groups was studied. It can be concluded that: 1) the spring water is mainly recharged by karst water in the southeast, southwest, and south direction, and the four major spring groups are mainly recharged by the karst water of the Cambrian Zhangxia Formation and the Cambrian Fengshan Formation-Ordovician karst water; 2) Baotu Spring receives more Ordovician karst water replenishment in southwest, south, and southeast directions, Heihu Spring receives more Ordovician karst water replenishment in its east and south directions, and Tanxi Spring accepts more Cambrian karst in southwest and south directions. Pearl spring mainly receives karst water recharge from the southeastern Cambrian; 3) The formation patterns of the four major springs are different. The Baotu Spring groups and the Heihu Spring groups are mainly manifested as Cambrian Fengshan Formation-Ordovician karst water ejected and excreted through the skylight of locally intrusive rocks, and their circulation depth are shallow, belonging to erosion into a spring. The Wulongtan Spring groups and the Pearl Spring groups are mainly manifested as Cambrian Zhangxia Formation karst water ejected from the ground through intrusive rock fissures, and their circulation depth are deep, belonging to the contact zone formation spring. The research on the sources of the four major springs provides a scientific basis for spring protection.