分析及优化雨洪潮遭遇下城市水系排水防涝系统

以福建省沿海城市P的北洋区域作为研究区域,利用SWMM模型模拟30年一遇最不利24 h降雨遭遇洪潮时,区域现状城市水系排水能力以及内涝分布情况;并通过模拟的结果,对区域本底水系进行调整。通过优化水系排水方向、重构排水防涝河网以及改造新增蓄涝区来完成城市排水防涝系统的优化。优化后的排水防涝系统可将现状南北向排水调整为东西向排水,减弱潮汐顶托作用,并以最佳主干河道规模和新开排放口数量,提升水系调蓄和排水能力;最后确定蓄涝区位置与调蓄容积,收纳剩余因潮汐顶托而产生的涝水量。结果表明优化的排水防涝系统有效的解决了现状4 195. 42万m3的涝水量,并将洪水排放水量提升了2. 25倍,水系排水能力得到了较大加强,P城市北洋区域排水防涝问题被有效解决。

Analysis and Optimization of Urban Water System Drainage and Waterlogging Prevention System Under Rain and Flood Encountering with Tide

The SWMM model, taking the Beiyang area of the coastal city P in Fujian Province as the research area, was used to simulate the current situation of the drainage capacity of urban water and waterlogging distribution in the region when it suffers from the most unfavorable 24 h rainfall in 30 years. On the basis of the simulated results, the background water system in the region would be adjusted. The urban drainage and waterlogging control system would be optimized by optimizing the drainage direction of the water system, reconstructing the river network for drainage and waterlogging controlling, and transforming the new storage area. The optimized drainage and waterlogging control system could not only adjust the current north-south drainage to east-west drainage so as to weaken the tidal top support; but also improve the water system storage capacity and drainage capacity based on the optimal main river channel scale and the number of newly opened discharges. At last, the amount of water remaining caused by the tidal top support would be collected according to the position of the reclamation area and the storage volume. It could be shown form the results that the optimized drainage and waterlogging control system not only effectively solves the current situation of 41,945,200 m3 of water, but also increases the flood discharge by 2.25 times, which has greatly strengthened the drainage capacity of the water system. On the other hand, the problem of drainage and waterlogging prevention in the Beiyang area of P city has also been effectively solved.