无人机与三维激光扫描融合的拱桥三维重建

针对单一无人机影像在复杂拱桥建模精度和完整度方面的不足，提出一种将三维激光扫描数据与无人机航空影像融合的拱桥精细化建模方法。首先以无人机低空区域环绕航摄及近景摄影获取拱桥主体及细部高质量纹理数据；然后通过增加连接影像将无人机主体及细部影像数据融合并生成高精度拱桥主体上部点云数据；最后将三维激光扫描仪采集所得拱桥桥体下部多站点云数据经坐标转换、配准实现与拱桥上部高精度点云融合从而生成拱桥完整的精细化实景三维模型。通过与单一无人机影像建模结果进行精度对比分析和纹理完整性评价以此验证本文建模方法的有效性。结果表明：该方法可重建几何精度高、完整性好、纹理真实的拱桥实景三维模型，并为类似底部脱空建筑的数据采集方法提供参考，具有较好的工程应用价值。

3D Reconstruction of Arch Bridge Based on Fusion of UAV and 3D Laser Scanning

Aiming at the shortcomings of a single UAV image in the modeling accuracy and integrity of complex arch bridges, a refined modeling method for arch bridges is proposed, which combines 3D laser scanning data with UAV aerial images. Firstly, the high-quality texture data of the main body and details of the arch bridge are obtained by aerial photography and close-up photography in the low-altitude area of the UAV; then, the main body and detailed image data of the UAV are fused by adding connected images to generate high-precision point cloud data on the upper part of the main body of the arch bridge; finally The multi-site cloud data of the lower part of the arch bridge body collected by the 3D laser scanner is fused with the high-precision point cloud of the upper part of the arch bridge through coordinate transformation and registration to generate a complete and refined real 3D model of the arch bridge. The effectiveness of the proposed modeling method is verified by comparing the accuracy analysis and texture integrity evaluation with a single UAV image model-ing result, the conclusion shows that the method can reconstruct the real 3D model of the arch bridge with high geometric accuracy, good integrity and real texture, and can also be used for similar bottom-empty buildings. The data acquisition method can provide reference and has good engineering application value.