生物芯片研究现状及应用前景

生物芯片(Biochip)是以预先设计的方式将大量的生物讯息密码(寡核苷酸、cDNA、基因组DNA、蛋白质等)固定在玻片、硅片等固相载体上组成的密集分子阵列,可分为基因芯片、蛋白质芯片、芯片实验室三类。生物芯片技术的本质是生物信号的平行分析,它利用核酸分子杂交、蛋白分子亲和原理,通过荧光标记技术检测杂交或亲和与否,再经过计算机分析处理可迅速获得所需信息。在医学、分子生物学等领域,生物芯片技术以其高效、高信息量的优势,显现出巨大的应用价值和商业市场,其发展前景非常乐观。

Recent Progress and Application Prospect of Biochip

Biochip is a molecular microarray, which is composed of some biological message codes (oligonucleotides, cDNA, genome DNA, protein etc.) arranged on solid surfaces due to a engineering design in advance. There are three kinds of biochips: gene chip, protein chip and lab-on-chip. The essence of biochip technology is a parallel analysis for biology message. It is based on the principle of nucleic molecule hybridization or protein immunochemistry. The occurrence of hybridization or immunoreaction is detected by fluo-labelled technology. After analyzed by special computer program, the needed message can be obtained quickly. With the feature of high efficient and information, biochip technology has already exhibited enormous applied value in medical science and molecule biology field , also it appeared has wide market in commerce. The prospect of biochip is very optimistic.