夏季太湖表面辐射和能量通量特征观测分析

利用太湖表面2012年6~8月的辐射和湍流通量观测资料,分析了太湖夏季晴天辐射平衡和能量平衡各组分的日变化特征。结果表明:12012年夏季晴天太湖表面向下、向上短波辐射和向下、向上长波辐射日平均值分别为282.6、19.5、425.8、478.6 W/m2,反照率日平均值为0.05;2夏季晴天净辐射、感热通量、潜热通量和热储项日平均值分别为210.3、3.8、121.8、5.7 W/m2;3夏季晴天感热通量白天为负最小值为-13.4 W/m2,夜间为正最大值为17.3 W/m2。潜热通量晴天白天最大值达到216.6 W/m2,是能量平衡分配的主导;与陆地下垫面不同的是,夜间潜热通量仍保持正值。热储项白天为正,夜间为负,约60%的能量以潜热的形式消耗。天气过程出现时,湖体稳定的正温层被打破,累积热储项急剧减少。

Observed Analysis of Radiation and Energy Fluxes Characteristics Across Lake Taihu Surface in Summer

Using radiation and turbulent flux observations in lake Taihu from June to August 2012, we focused on analyzing the diurnal variations of each component of radiation and energy balance. The results show that: (1) The daily averages of downward and upward shortwave radiation, downward and upward longwave radiation on sunny summer 2012 were 282.6, 19.5, 425.8, 478.6 W/m2.The daily average of albedo was 0.05. (2) The daily averages of net radiation, sensible heat flux, latent heat flux and heat storage on sunny summer were 210.3, 3.8, 121.8, 5.7 W/m2. (3)On sunny summer, sensible heat flux during the day was negative, the minimum value was -13.4W/m2, on the contrary, sensible heat flux was positive at night, the maximum value was 17.3 W/m2. Latent heat flux accounted for the dominant of energy balance distribution, its sunny maximum value reached 216.6 W/m2.Different to the land underlying surface, latent heat flux value remained positive at night. Heat storage was positive at daytime and negative at night, about 60 percent of heat storage was consumed in the form of latent heat flux. When the weather processes occurred, the lake body stable thermal stratification was broken, then the cumulative heat storage drastically reduced.