地铁隧道电子雷管爆破降振技术及爆破参数优化研究

文章以北京地铁隧道16号线施工为工程背景,采用电子雷管爆破技术,研究了不同炮孔布置方式及隧道上方土体较厚时爆破振动波的传播规律。研究结果表明：采用三排掏槽孔爆破可以有效的降低爆破振动,并提高单次进尺；隧道埋深较大时,爆破主频较低,信号内小于20Hz的低频能量比例较大。采用电子雷管微差爆破很难提高爆破远区的振动主频,因此必须减小爆破药量和单次进尺以控制振动强度；距隧道掌子面25—30m范围内有建筑物时,必须采用小爆破进尺,单孔装药量最大不超过1.2kg；当建筑物在30m以外时,可以适当增加爆破进尺,以保证隧道的高效和安全施工。研究成果可为类似工程提供有益的参考。

STUDY OF DECREASING BLASTING VIBRATION TECHNOLOGY WITH DIGITAL DETONATOR AND PARAMETERS OPTIMIZATION IN METRO TUNNEL

Based on the engineering background of Beijing metro tunnel line 16, this paper analyzes the propagation law of blasting vibration wave which using the electronic detonator technology under different blast hole arrangement and the soil above subway tunnel is thick. The result shows that the blasting vibration could be decreased effectively and improved per footage obviously by using blasting holes arrangement with three-row cut holes. The blasting main frequency is lower and the signal of the proportion of energy under 20Hz from total energy is higher when the buried depth of tunnel is great. The blasting main frequency of blasting far zone is difficult toincrease by using electronic detonator, there should be decreased blasting charge and single footage to control blasting vibration intensity. Little footage should be used and the largest charge per hole is no more than 1.2kg when the blast center distance is less than 25-30m, otherwise the large footage cam be used. The research result can provide references for metro tunnel