链霉菌S1的抑菌活性及其对植物病害的防治

摘要： 为了探明链霉菌S1的抑菌活性及其对植物病害的防控作用，通过抑菌圈法研究了链霉菌S1对不同病原菌的抑制作用并分析了菌株S1是否合成几丁质酶和葡聚糖酶，筛选了菌株S1的最佳发酵培养基、发酵时间和最佳接种量，进一步优化发酵培养条件。通过温室防效实验，研究了链霉菌S1发酵液对桃核腐病和番茄根结线虫的防治作用。结果表明：链霉菌S1对多种病原菌有较好的抑菌作用，其中对桃褐腐病原真菌（Monilinia fructicola）和平菇褐斑病原细菌（Pseudomonas tolaasii）的抑制效果最佳。菌株S1能够合成几丁质酶，不能合成葡聚糖酶。链霉菌S1的最佳发酵培养基为G117，最佳发酵时间为3 d，最佳接种量为8%。链霉菌S1的发酵上清液和发酵液对桃核腐病具有显著的防治作用，防效可到达80.66%。发酵代谢产物对番茄根结线虫的杀线活性最高可达90%，发酵原液对番茄根结线虫的防治效果最高到达71.02%。可见链霉菌S1具有较好的防治作用，为植物病害生物防治提供了优良的菌种资源。

Study on Antibacterial Activity and Disease Prevention of Streptomyces SP. S1

Abstract] In order to explore the antibacterial activity of Streptomyces sp. S1 and its control effect on plant diseases, the inhibitory effect of Streptomyces sp. S1 on different pathogenic bacteria was used to investigate by the inhibition zone method and whether the strain S1 synthesized chitinase and glucan was analyzed, the optimal fermentation medium, fermentation time and optimal inoculum size of strain S1 were screened, and the fermentation culture conditions were further optimized.The control effects of strain S1 on Monilinia fructicola and tomato root-knot nematode were studied by greenhouse control experiment. The results show that strain S1 had significant antimicrobial activity against various pathogens, among which Monilinia fructicola and Pseudomonas tolaasii were significantly inhibited. Strain S1 is capable of producing chitinase and has no glucanase activity. The optimal fermentation medium for Streptomyces S1 was G117 fermentation medium. The optimal fermentation time was 3 days, and the optimal inoculum was 8%. The fermentation supernatant and fermentation broth of strain S1 have significant control effects on peach rot, and the control effect can reach 80.66%. The killing activity of the fermented metabolites on tomato root-knot nematodes was up to 90%, and the control effect of the fermentation stocks on tomato root-knot nematodes reached 71.02%. It is concluded that Streptomyces sp. S1 can well control plant pathogens, which can be used as an excellent strain resources for biological control.