民用无人机交通管理体系架构及关键技术

民用无人机交通管理是无人机运行管理的核心。目前无人机交通管理的研究大都处于针对单一运行场景的策略制定和相关支撑技术方案的探讨和论证阶段，没有系统揭示无人机交通管理体系全貌和技术发展趋势。在分析国外民用无人机交通管理现状的基础上，设计了面向全谱系运行场景的民用无人机交通管理体系架构，涵盖典型运行场景、管理策略、运行生态。为支持无人机交通管理体系的实施，围绕无人机空域精细化管理、无人机运行安全与间隔管理、无人机交通引导与控制、无人机智能化设施规划与应用提出了11项关键技术，并分析了技术发展现状，总结了技术发展方向。研究结果表明：民用无人机交通管理应采用面向场景基于风险的分级分类管理策略，适应无人机运行生态的可持续发展需要；交通管理关键技术研究需考虑多场景、多类型、多阶段、交互性、大规模、高自主等因素，以安全、高效融入国家空域系统。

System Framework and Key Technologies of Civil Unmanned Aircraft System Traffic Management

Civil unmanned aircraft system (UAS) traffic management is the core of UAS operation management. At present, most of the researches on UAS traffic management(UTM) are in the stage of strategy making and discussing and demonstrating the key supporting technology scheme of a single operational scenario. There is no systematic disclosure of civil UTM framework and technology trends. Based on the analysis of the current situation of foreign civil UAS traffic management, the system framework of civil UTM adapted to all the UAS operational scenarios was designed. It specified UAS operation scenarios, management strategies, UTM ecosystem. In order to support the implementation of the civil UTM system framework, 11 civil UTM key technologies were proposed for delicacy management of airspace, operational safety and separation management, traffic guidance and control, intelligent facility planning and application. And the status quo of key technology development was analyzed and the development direction of key technology was summarized. The research shows that civil UAS traffic management should adapt the hierarchical classification management strategies which is the oriented to operational scenarios and risk-based, and serve the sustainable development needs of UTM ecosystem. In terms of UTM technologies, it may take multi-scenario, multi-type, multi-stage, interactive, large-scale, high-autonomy into consideration for safely and efficiently integrate the UAS into the national airspace system.