基于实车驾驶数据的信号交叉口车辆运行特性

为得到信号交叉口的车辆运行特性和驾驶模式，开展实车驾驶试验，采集车辆在自然驾驶状态下通过信号交叉口的速度、加速度等运行参数，得到了车辆速度和纵向加速度的变化趋势、分布范围和统计特征值，分析了车速与行驶距离的相关性，确定了减速停车和起步加速的驾驶模式。结果表明：车辆驶入交叉口时在停车前100米范围内车速下降最明显；而绿灯启亮后，车辆在头50米内速度提升最明显。减速距离与初速度之间具有较高的关联度，加速距离和稳定速度之间的关联度略低。减速度总体上大于加速度，85分位减速度为1.19 m/s2，85分位加速度为1 m/s2。减速度峰值出现在停车前5秒内，而加速度峰值出现在起步后的3秒内。本研究可为跟驰模型和微观交通仿真提供参数标定值，为城市交叉口信号配时和交通管理提供实际数据参考和理论依据。

Vehicle Operating Characteristics at Signalized Intersections Based on Field Driving Data

In order to obtain the vehicle operation characteristics and driving mode at signalized intersection, the field driving test was carried out. The speed, acceleration and other operating parameters of vehicles passing through signalized intersections under naturalistic driving were collected. The variation trend, distribution and statistical characteristic of speed and longitudinal acceleration were obtained, and the correlation between speed and driving distance was analyzed. Driving modes of decelerating stop and starting acceleration were determined. The results show that: when entering the intersection, the speed drop is most obvious within 100 meters before stopping, and the speed increase is most obvious in the first 50 meters after the green light is on. There is a high correlation between deceleration distance and initial velocity, and the correlation between acceleration distance and stable speed is slightly lower. The 85th acceleration is 1 m/s2, and the 85th deceleration is 1.19 m/s2. The peak value of deceleration appears in 5 seconds before stopping, while the peak acceleration appears in 3 seconds after the vehicle starts. This work can provide parameter calibration values for car following model and microscopic traffic simulation, as well as practical data reference and theoretical basis for signal timing and traffic management for urban intersections.