隧道开挖与初支机械单机作业特性及作业衔接特征分析

公路隧道开挖和初期支护作业过程涉及诸多施工机械,机械单机作业效率和机械作业间的衔接效率是机械群高效协同作业的基础,直接影响了隧道施工进度。为探寻公路隧道施工过程中主要机械的单机作业特性及衔接特征,依托金家庄特长螺旋隧道,通过系统调研开挖与初期支护相关机械的现场作业时间,对施工机械的单机作业特性和作业衔接特征进行了分析研究。结果表明:开挖与初期支护施工机械作业特性具有规律性;装载机和湿喷机停机等待问题与隧道累计进尺相关性强于现场协调组织管理等因素,随着累计进尺的增加,装载机和湿喷机停机等待问题逐渐凸显;金家庄隧道出渣与立架工序衔接快慢对立架与湿喷工序衔接时间具有一定影响,两者分布规律具有一致性。可见实现公路隧道机械化快速施工,除采用单机作业效率高的机械设备外,还应根据隧道累计进尺的变化增加机械设备数量,同时缩短各工序之间的衔接时间,尤其是出渣与立架工序的衔接时间和立架与湿喷工序的衔接时间。

Characteristic Analysis of Single Machine Operation and Work Transformation of Tunnel Excavation and Initial Support

There are many construction machines involved in the process of highway tunnel excavation and initial support. The efficiency of single machine operation and the connection efficiency between machine operations are the basis of efficient cooperative operation of machinery group, which directly affects the progress of tunnel construction. In order to explore the single machine operation characteristics and connection characteristics of the main machinery in the process of highway tunnel construction, based on Jinjiazhuang extra long spiral tunnel, this paper analyzed the single machine operation characteristics and operation connection characteristics of the construction machinery by systematically investigating the field operation time of the excavation and initial support related machinery. The results show that: the characteristics of excavation and initial support construction machinery are regular; the relationship between loader and wet shotcreting machine downtime and tunnel cumulative footage is stronger than that of site coordination, organization and management. With the increase of cumulative footage, the problem of loader and wet shotcreting machine downtime gradually highlights; Jinjiazhuang tunnel slag discharging and erecting process link fast and slowly; opposite frame and wet shotcreting process title. The connection time has certain influence, and the distribution law of the two is consistent. It can be seen that in order to realize the rapid mechanized construction of highway tunnels, in addition to the mechanical equipment with high efficiency of single machine operation, the number of mechanical equipment should be increased according to the change of the accumulated footage of the tunnel, and the connection time between each process should be shortened, especially the connection time between the slag discharging and the erection process and the connection time between the erection and the wet spraying process..