三生空间视角下防城港市土地利用景观生态风险评价

摘 要 为揭示沿海地区景观生态风险的时空变化规律，通过GIS技术和半变异函数的分析方法，利用景观干扰度指数和景观脆弱度指数，从三生空间角度构建防城港市土地利用生态风险模型，深入研究了2000—2019年防城港市景观生态风险的时空分异特性。结果表明：2000—2019年，防城港市景观格局变化显著，草地生态空间面积减少最多，为34 557.59 hm2，主要流向林地生态空间；林地生态空间作为其他地类的重要转入源，共减少32 962.59 hm2；19 a间，低生态风险区面积持续减少，且后10 a减少尤为显著；较低生态风险区面积前9 a增加，后10 a减少，总体呈增加之势；中、较高和高生态风险区面积不断增加，且后10 a增加的面积远多于前9 a；2000—2019年，防城港市各区域整体生态风险程度加深、环境质量有所退化，且后10 a表现明显。可见，研究防城港市景观生态风险变化对促进其生态环境和区域经济的协调发展以及完善海湾城市景观生态风险的理论具有重要意义。

The Ecological Risk Assessment of Land Use Landscape in Fangchenggang City from the Perspective of Production Life Ecological Space

Abstract] In order to reveal the law of space-time change of landscape ecological risk in coastal areas, the GIS technology and semivariogram analysis methods were adopted, landscape interference index and landscape vulnerability index were used, the land use ecological risk model of the FangChenggang city was constructed from the perspective of Production-Life-Ecological Spaces, and the spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics of landscape ecological risk of FangChenggang city from 2000 to 2019 were deeply studied. The results show that :from 2000 to 2019, the landscape pattern of the Fangchenggang city changed significantly, and the grassland ecological space area decreased the most, which reduced 34 557.59 hm2 and mainly flowed to the forest ecological space. In addition, a total of 32 962.59 hm2 had been reduced. Between 19 a, the area of lowest ecological risk area continued to decrease, which was particularly significant in the last 10 a. After the area of the lower ecological risk area increased by 9 a and decreased by 10 a, it showed an overall trend of increase. The area of medium, higher and highest ecological risk areas was increasing, and the area of the last 10 a was much higher than that of the first 9 a. From 2000 to 2019, the overall degree of ecological risk and environmental quality degradation in all regions of Fangchenggang city were deepened, and the latter 10 a was obvious. It is concluded that the study of the change of landscape ecological risk in Fangchenggang city is of great significance to promote the coordinated development of its ecological environment and regional economy, and perfect the theory of landscape ecological risk in Bay city.