浙江省富阳市森林景观格局与松材线虫病发病程度的关系

基于富阳市各乡镇1：10000林相图，运用地理信息系统（GIS）方法，并结合实地调查，对富阳市5个受松材线虫病危害的乡镇（新义乡、环山乡、大源乡、受降镇、高桥镇）的森林景观格局与各乡镇松材线虫病发病程度之间的关系进行了研究。首先绘制了景观类型格局图，然后分别比较总体景观指数和类型景观指数与松材线虫病发病程度之间的关系。研究结果表明：（1）富阳市各乡镇森林景观格局的共同特点是景观格局的基质，是松林景观，这是松材线虫病在富阳市爆发的主要原因之一；（2）总体景观的破碎化程度和松林景观的破碎化程度均强烈地影响着松材线虫病的发病程度，破碎化程度越高发病程度越大；（3）森林景观的异质性也影响着松材线虫病的发病程度，异质性程度越高松材线虫病发病程度越大；（4）森林景观、松林景观聚集度高、连通性好的乡镇松材线虫病的发病程度低。

The Relationship between Forest Landscape Pattern and Injured Degree Caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus(Steiner et Buhrer) Nickle in Fuyang in Zhejiang Province

Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner et Buhrer) Nickle, an important invasive alien species of forestry in China, has been one of the most destructive forest diseases. Landscape patterns result from various ecological processes which occurring on different spatial scales. In turn,landscape patterns have great impact on biological processes. By using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) the correlations between forest landscape patterns and injured degree caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in five towns in Fuyang was analyzed. By mapping and analyzing landscape patterns and assessed landscape index, comparing the landscape index and injured degree caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the main result shows:(1) The matrix of forest landscape in Fuyang is pinewood landscape,this is one of the main reason of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus outbreak in this region. (2) The fragmentation of whole landscape and pinewood landscape all influence the injured degree, the higher the fragmentation, the higher the injured degree. (3)Landscape heterogeneity also influence the injured degree,higher heterogeneity level goes with higher injured degree. (4) The better connectivity between patches in landscape and pinewood landscape,the lower injured degree. The research on Bursaphelenchus xylophilus before mostly based on entomology, pathology and genetics. The methods of Landscape Ecology were used, the relationship between landscape pattern and injured degree caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus was analyzed, and the landscape security pattern which can resist Bursaphelenchus xylophilus was hoped to find.