公路岩质边坡稳定性的数值模拟分析

边坡因失稳而发生滑坡灾害会造成严重的人员伤亡和经济损失，为探究岩质边坡失稳破坏机理，进而对边坡进行针对性治理。本文以贵州省境内某高速公路边坡为研究对象，通过单轴压缩试验分析了该边坡的岩层岩性，并利用真实破坏过程分析方法（realistic failure process analysis）对该岩质边坡进行了数值模拟。研究表明：破碎带对边坡稳定性影响显著，支护前后边坡滑移面均出现在破碎带与基岩的接触面。锚索支护极大地提高了边坡的安全系数，无支护时边坡安全系数为1.1，边坡较不稳定；支护后边坡安全系数为1.64, 边坡稳定。边坡失稳破坏过程伴随着声发射能量的变化，支护前后均表现出缓增-激增-平缓的演化规律，因此，边坡发生灾害过程可以通过能量监测实现预警预报。研究结果对贵州省高速公路边坡失稳机制的研究和滑坡灾害防治具有重要的指导意义。

Failure and Energy Evolution Analysis of Rock Slope

Landslides disaster caused by slop instability may result in serious casualties and economic losses. In order to explore the mechanism of rock slope instability, the slope will be treated accordingly. Taking a highway slope in Guizhou Province as the research object, the rock lithology of the slope was analyzed through uniaxial compression tests, and the rock slope was numerically simulated by realistic failure process analysis. The research shows that the fracture zone has a significant impact on the stability of the slope, and the sliding surface of the slope, which happens before and after the support, appear on the contact surface between the fracture zone and the bedrock. The anchor cable support greatly improves the safety factor of the slope. When there is no support, the safety factor of the slope is 1.1, and the slope becomes relatively unstable; with the support, the safety factor is 1.64 with a stable slope. The process of slope instability and destruction is accompanied by the change of acoustic emission energy, and both before and after the support show a slow increase-surge-slow evolution law. Therefore, the slope disaster process can be predicted and warned through energy monitoring. The research results have important guiding significance for the study of the instability mechanism of highway slopes and the prevention of landslide disasters in Guizhou Province.