风电场尾流干涉效应及布局优化研究

为探寻风电场尾流干涉效应及定量预报不同风电场布局下整体输出效能，从工程中预报单台风电机尾流效应使用最普遍的Jensen模型出发，基于风电场布局中上游风力机对下游风力机的遮蔽效应及遮蔽模式，构建尾流干涉效应数学模型，编制风电场尾流干涉效应预报程序，研究齐位排列方式下风电场整体输出效能随风电场规模、行列间距及风向角的变化规律，以及错位排列方式下风电场整体输出效能随错位间距和风向角的变化规律。结果表明：不同风电场规模下整体输出效能均随着行列间距的增大而增大，不同行列间距下整体输出效能均随着风电场规模的增大而减小；不同错位间距和风向角下风电场整体输出效能差异明显，需根据风电场所在地风向来合理安排风力机行列间距，以最大化整体输出效能。研究可为工程中预报任意风电场布局下风电机组尾流干涉效应及合理化设计风电场布局提供技术支撑。

Research on Wake Interference Effect and Layout Optimization of wind farm

In order to explore the wake interference effect of the wind farm and quantitatively predict the overall output efficiency under different wind farm layouts, starting from the Jensen model, which is the most commonly used to predixt the wake effect of a single wind turbine, based on the shadowing effect and shadowing mode of the upstream wind turbine on the downstream one in the wind farm layout, the mathematical model and prediction program of the wake interference effect is constructed. Then the variation of wind farm overall output efficiency with wind farm scale, row/column spacing and wind direction angle in homogeneous arrangement mode, and with dislocation spacing and wind direction angle in staggered arrangement mode are studied. The results show that the overall output efficiency increases with the increase of row/column spacing under different wind farm scales, and decreases with the increase of wind farm scales under different row/column spacing. There are obvious differences in the overall output efficiency of the wind farm under different dislocation spacing and wind direction angle. It is necessary to reasonably arrange the row/column spacing of wind turbines according to the wind direction where the wind farm is located, to maximize the overall output efficiency. Research can provide guidance for the prediction of wake interference effect under any wind farm layout and rational design of wind farm layout.