沉积物再悬浮氮磷释放的机制与影响因素

在对沉积物再悬浮的诱因和方式进行分析的基础上,系统探讨了沉积物氮磷释放进入水体的机制与影响因素,提出了沉积物再悬浮引起的氮磷释放研究中应重点关注的问题。主要结论包括:沉积物主要因波浪与水流、人类活动及生物扰动等诱因而发生再悬浮;沉积物-水界面上氮磷不同形态之间的转化及迁移为沉积物氮磷的释放机制;上覆水体理化性质(如pH、盐度、温度、溶解氧与氧化还原电位)、沉积物性质(如粒径、氮磷赋存形态)、扰动时间与强度是沉积物再悬浮氮磷释放的关键影响因素。进一步研究应着重从沉积物再悬浮过程中氮磷释放的动力学过程、再悬浮沉积物氮磷释放的生物影响程度等方面深入开展。

Mechanism and Influencing Factors of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Release via Sediment Re-suspension

Inducement, mechanism and influencing factors of nitrogen and phosphorus release via sediment re-suspension were discussed and some important issues which should be concerned in the future research were put forward in this paper. Main conclusions include: Re-suspension of sediment is mainly caused by wave and current, human activities, and bioturbation; The form transformation and migration of nitrogen and phosphorus at the interface of water and sediment are the releasing mechanism; Physiochemical properties (e.g. pH, salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen and redox poential) of overlying water, sediment properties (e.g. grain size, nitrogen-phosphorusSforms), time and intensity of disturbance are the key influencing factors for nitrogen and phosphorus release. The future research should focus on the dynamic process of the released nitrogen and phosphorus and their biotic influence extent in the process of sediment re-suspension.