基于风险惩罚机制的虚拟电厂优化调度

为了解决虚拟电厂内部功率不确定性问题、促进新能源电力的消纳和提高用户参与系统调度的积极性，首先通过建立模型，分析了虚拟电厂内部各单元功率不确定因素。然后针对风光机组和需求响应的功率不确定性，建立了弃风弃光风险惩罚机制与需求响应风险惩罚机制。基于风险惩罚机制并结合各机组出力特性，制定了虚拟电厂协调调度策略。考虑风险惩罚成本且兼顾系统运行约束，以净利润最大为目标函数，建立了虚拟电厂优化调度模型。最后选择IEEE30节点系统进行仿真。运用场景分析法研究所建风险惩罚机制对虚拟电厂优化调度的影响。结果表明弃风弃光风险惩罚机制可促进风光消纳、需求响应风险惩罚机制可提高用户响应积极性。可见所建风险惩罚机制是有效的。

Optimal dispatch of virtual power plant based on risk penalty mechanism

In order to solve the problem of internal power uncertainty in virtual power plant (VPP), promote the consumption of new energy power and increase users'' enthusiasm for participating in system dispatch, firstly, through the establishment of a model, the power uncertainty of each unit in VPP was analyzed. Then, a risk penalty mechanism for wind and solar abandonment and a demand response risk penalty mechanism were established to solve the problems of the power uncertainty of wind and solar generators and demand response. Based on the risk penalty mechanism and combined with the output characteristics of each unit, a VPP coordinated dispatch strategy was formulated. Considering the risk penalty cost and taking into account the system operation constraints, with the maximum net profit as the objective function, a VPP optimal scheduling model was established. Finally, the IEEE 30 node system was selected for simulation and analysis. The scenario analysis method was used to study the impact of the risk penalty mechanism on the optimal scheduling of VPP. The results show that the risk penalty mechanism for abandoning wind and solar energy can promote the consumption of wind and solar energy, and the demand response risk penalty mechanism can increase the enthusiasm of users to participate in scheduling. It can be seen that the establishment of the risk penalty mechanism is effective.