液态空气储能与液态CO2储能技术对比

为了解决压缩空气储能储气室容积大、成本高的问题，液态空气储能和液态CO₂储能得到了国内外广泛关注及研究。针对这两大储能系统，借助ASPEN PLUS软件搭建了热力学物理模型，并借助?分析对两大储能系统进行热力学和关键参数敏感性研究分析。研究表明：液态空气储能系统?损失主要发生在压缩机及蓄热蓄冷装置上，分别占比45.02%、37.61%。液态CO₂储能系统?损失主要发生在低温膨胀机、压缩机及蓄冷蓄热装置上，分别占比26.99%、23.88%、30.41%。从电-电转化效率方面：在绝热条件下，两大储能系统由于在充放电过程能量消耗大，电-电转化效率都低于55%,相比液态空气储能，液态CO₂储能效率高。从系统成熟度方面：液态空气储能已得到工程应用，而液态CO₂储能还处于研究阶段，未得到工程化应用。从投资成本方面；液态CO₂储能单位千瓦投资成本高于液态空气储能约40%。

The comparative study of liquid air energy storage and liquid CO2 energy storage technology

At present, in order to solve the problem of compressed air energy storage chamber, liquid air energy storage and liquid CO2 energy storage have been widely concerned and studied at home and abroad. In this paper, the thermodynamic physical model of the two energy storage systems is built with the help of Aspen Plus software, and the thermodynamics and key parameter sensitivity of the two energy storage systems are studied and analyzed with the help of energy analysis. The research shows that the loss of liquid air energy storage system mainly occurs in the compressor and heat and cold storage device, accounting for 45.02% and 37.61% respectively. The loss of liquid CO2 energy storage system mainly occurs in low-temperature expanders, compressors and cold and heat storage devices, accounting for 26.99%, 23.88% and 30.41% respectively. In terms of electric electric conversion efficiency: under adiabatic conditions, due to the large energy consumption in the charging and discharging process, the electric electric conversion efficiency of the two energy storage systems is less than 55%. Compared with the energy storage of liquid air, the energy storage efficiency of liquid CO2 is higher. In terms of system maturity: liquid air energy storage has been applied in engineering, while liquid CO2 energy storage is still in the research stage and has not been applied in engineering. From the aspect of investment cost; The investment cost per kilowatt of liquid CO2 energy storage is about 40% higher than that of liquid air energy storage.