线控转向系统关键技术综述

汽车转向系统先后经历机械转向、液压助力转向和电动助力转向几个阶段，然而目前电动助力转向或电控液压助力转向等难以满足智能汽车对转向技术的需求。线控转向系统作为线控智能底盘重要组成部分，是智能汽车架构中必不可少的智能转向系统。为剖析线控转向中的关键技术和发展趋势，本文将从线控转向的发展概况谈起，之后分别针对线控转向系统关键软硬件技术进行了全面概述，包括对比分析了4种路感反馈策略、智能算法在位置闭环的应用及双电机协同控制策略、基于线控转向中主动前轮转向的车辆稳定性控制研究、面向功能安全方面的软件冗余方案和硬件冗余方案；最后，对线控转向系统的未来研究趋势进行了展望，指出线控转向系统将朝着真实舒适、精准快速、安全可靠和集成控制的方向发展。

Review on Key Technologies of Steer-By-Wire Sytem

The vehicle steering system has successively gone through several stages of mechanical steering, hydraulic power steering and electric power steering. However, the electric power steering system(EPS) and the electronically controlled hydraulic power steering system(EHPS) cannot meet the steering technology demands of smart cars. As one of the important systems of the intelligent chassis-by-wire, the steer-by-wire system is an indispensable intelligent steering system in the smart car architecture. In order to analyze the key technologies and development trends of steer-by-wire, this review will start from the overview of the development of steer-by-wire and the key software and hardware technologies of the steer-by-wire system which includs the comparative analysis of 4 road feeling control, the application of strategies use intelligent algorithms in closed-loop steer control and dual-motor cooperative control strategies, vehicle stability control based on active front-wheel steering in steer-by-wire, functional safety-oriented software redundancy schemes and hardware redundancy schemes. Finally, the future research trend of the steer-by-wire system is prospected. It can be pointed that the steer-by-wire system will be developed in the direction of real comfort, precision and speed, safe and reliable appliction, and integrated control.