多粘类芽孢杆菌246-1可湿性粉剂研制及其对温室黄瓜生长的影响

为了获得高效多粘类芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂制剂并研究其对温室黄瓜生长的影响,本文对多粘类芽孢杆菌246-1可湿性粉剂制备工艺进行了初步研究,对载体,保护剂及稳定剂进行了筛选。通过检测制剂悬浮性、润湿性、分散性、贮藏稳定性、抗氧化抗紫外性特点、水分含量、细度等初步获得多粘类芽孢杆菌246-1可湿性粉剂制剂。同时分析了高温,含水量及日光照射对菌剂稳定性的影响,通过温室小区试验研究了该菌剂及其与链霉菌复配制剂、市售多粘类芽孢杆菌菌剂对黄瓜生长的影响。结果表明：硅藻土作为载体与发酵液混合,样品的悬浮率为91.8%,润湿时间在27 s以内,同时活菌率最高。筛选得到SDS作为保护剂和CMC-Na作为稳定剂在紫外照射和高温下活菌数最高。温室小区试验显示246-1可湿性粉剂,固体小白链霉菌制剂,二者复配菌剂及市售多粘类芽孢杆菌制剂对黄瓜的生长都有促生作用。其中多粘类芽孢杆菌和小白链霉菌的复配菌剂处理的黄瓜植株在株高、单果重及小区产量都高于其它处理,长势茂盛,叶色浓绿,促生效果明显。与空白对照相比,处理株高增加34%,单果重较对照增加4.5%,小区产量增加了36.7%。同时,几种处理在对黄瓜土传病害防治方面都具有一定的防治效果,其中复配菌剂的防效达72.23%。

Preparation of wettable powder of Paenibacillus polymyxa 246-1 and its effect on cucumber growth in greenhouse

In order to obtain high-efficiency wettable powder of P. polymyxa and study its effect on the growth of cucumber in greenhouse, the carrier, protective agent and stabilizer were screened. The wettable powder of P. polymyxa 246-1 was obtained by testing the suspension, wettability, dispersibility, storage stability, anti-oxidation and UV resistance, moisture content and fineness. The effects of high temperature, water content and sunlight on the stability of the fungicide were analyzed. The effects of the fungicide and its combination with Streptomyces albulus, commercial P. polymyxa fungicide on the growth of cucumber and the control effect of soil borne diseases of cucumber were studied through the greenhouse plot experiment. The results showed that the suspension rate of the sample was 91.8%, the wetting time was within 27 s, and the rate of viable bacteria was the highest, and diatomite was the most suitable carrier. SDS as a protective agent and CMC Na as a stabilizer were selected to have the highest viable bacteria number under UV and high temperature. The pot experiment in greenhouse showed that 246-1 wettable powder, solid S. albulus preparation, the combination of 246-1 and S. albulus and the commercial P. polymyxa preparation all promoted the growth of cucumber. Among them, the plant height, fruit weight and plot yield of cucumber plants treated with the mixture of 246-1 and S. albulus were higher than those of other treatments. The plant height increased by 34%, fruit weight increased by 4.5% and campus yield increased by 36.7% compared with the control. The growth of cucumber plants was flourishing, the leaves were green, and the growth promoting effect was obvious. All the treatments have control effect on the soil borne diseases of cucumber, among which the control effect of mixture of 246-1 and S. albulus is 72.23%, and the disease of cucumber plant is significantly reduced.