城市污水处理厂典型气体污染物产生特性研究

研究了某城市污水处理厂格栅间、曝气池、污泥浓缩池和污泥脱水间四个不同功能区产生的典型恶臭和微生物气溶胶气体污染物浓度及分布特性。研究结果表明,不同功能区产生的硫化氢和氨浓度存在显著性差异,其中产生浓度最高的区域是污泥浓缩池和污泥脱水间,其次是曝气池上空,最低的是格栅间。不同功能区产生的空气异养细菌和真菌浓度也存在差异,尤以曝气池产生的异养细菌和真菌浓度最高,其次是污泥脱水间和格栅间,浓度最低的区域为污泥浓缩池。依据相关恶臭和空气微生物评价标准,该污水厂不同功能区产生的恶臭物质、异养细菌和真菌微生物气溶胶气体污染物大都存在不同程度的污染。同时,不同功能区产生的可吸入人体上呼吸道和进入肺部的异养细菌和真菌粒子均占一定比例,存在一定的微生物风险。

Research of emission characteristics of gaseous pollutants in municipal wastewater treatment plant

Gaseous pollutants,concluding odor and bioaerosols in bar screen, aeration tank, sludge thickening tank and sludge dewatering facility in certain wastewater treatment plant in Beijing were chosen as research object. The concentration and the characteristics of distribution of particles size of odor pollutants and bioaerosols were studied. Results showed that the concentrations of odor pollutants were completely different in four different functional units, and the sludge thickening tank unit and the sludge dewatering facility unit had the highest concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, followed by the aeration tank unit, and the lowest was in bar screen unit. The concentrations of airborne microorganisms were also different in four different units. In which, the aeration tank unit had the highest concentration of heterotrophic bacteria and fungi, followed by the sludge dewatering facility unit and the bar screen unit, and the lowest was in sludge thickening tank unit. According to the evaluation criterion of odor pollutants and airborne microorganism, there are different degrees of pollution on gaseous pollutants of odor, heterotrophic bacteria and fungi produced from four different units. There was a certain proportion of particles of heterotrophic bacteria and fungi existing, which could reach alveolus of humans and thus may have a potential risk to human health.