城市公园绿地游憩供需协同度评价及优化策略

【目的】以公园绿地与居民人口间的供需平衡及协同发展为目标导向,提升公园建设的时效性,为建设低碳、高效、节约、环保的城市绿地系统提供科学依据。【方法】综合选取定性与定量指标,构建游憩供需系统评价体系和协同度量化模型,以郑州市主城区为例,对供需协同度在行政区单元的空间分异进行评价分析,并结合上位规划,利用ArcGIS中的位置分配功能对公园绿地的空间格局进行优化。【结果】郑州市主城区公园绿地游憩供需系统总体呈低级协调等级和供给滞后类型,新老城区间存在供需错位现象。各行政区存在供需空间差异,金水区协同等级最高但供需差距最大,经开区协同等级最低而供需差距最小;通过对供需系统进行提质增量、跨界融合的协同优化,金水区和经开区的供需协同度增量分别为0.047 4和0.121 8。【结论】利用构建的评价体系和模型可以较准确地反映出公园绿地游憩供需协同度的空间格局,从而有效指导供给侧各项指标的协同优化,提升公园绿地的供给能力,缩小各区内部的供需差距和新老城区间的资源差距。

Evaluations and optimization strategies of synergy degree of park green space based on balance of supply and demand for recreation

【Objective】With the balance and synergistic development between park green space and resident population as the goal, this study aims to improve the timeliness of park construction and provide a scientific basis for the construction of a low-carbon, efficient, economical and environment-friendly urban green space system.【Method】 By selecting qualitative and quantitative indexes to construct an evaluation system for recreational supply and demand and the synergy degree quantitative model, this study used the main urban region of Zhengzhou City as an example, evaluated and analyzed the spatial differentiation of the synergy degree in the administrative units, and optimized the spatial pattern of park green space by combining upper planning and using the location distribution function in ArcGIS.【Result】The recreational supply and demand system of the main urban region of Zhengzhou City is of low-grade synergy level and hysteretic supply type, and a dislocation between supply and demand exists between old and new urban areas. There are spatial differences among the administrative districts. Jinshui District has the highest synergy level but the largest gap between supply and demand, which are opposite to those of the Jingkai District. Based on the optimization strategies for improving the quality of parks, increasing the number of parks, and integrating the affiliated green space, the increments of synergy of the Jinshui District and Jingkai District are 0.047 4 and 0.121 8, respectively.【Conclusion】The evaluation system and model can reflect the spatial pattern of the synergy between the supply and demand of park green space, so as to effectively guide the synergistic optimization of supply-side indexes, improve the supply capacity, and reduce the gap between supply and demand within each district and between new and old urban resources.