宁夏平罗西大滩人类有序活动的环境效应及发展对策

对宁夏西大滩近50a的开发历史及农、林、旅游等生产活动的基本情况 进行了分析，并对人类活动对系统生产力、对动植物群落的组成、结构及演替动态、对生态环境及生物多样性的影响等方面进行了研究。揭示了人类的有序活动如防护林、水利基础设施建设等可对生态系统产生积极的促进作用，增加系统抗干扰能力，使生态环境更加健康、稳定，实现了可持续发展。提出了对自然资源应进行多元开发的思想。

The Environmental Effectiveness and Countermeasure of Human Activity in Xidatan of Pingluo in Ningxia Autonomous Region

In this paper, nearly 50 years' history of exploitation and development of agriculture, forestry, tourism etc. in Xidatan in Ningxia Autonomous Region has been mentioned, and the influence of human activity on the components and succession of flora and fauna, species diversity, ecosystem productivity has been analyzed. The human activities such as water conservancy facilities and shelter forest construction can ameliorate the environment from the ecological catastrophe such as flood or drought; the activities can also increase the productivity of ecosystem with technology, while the negative influence of human activities are very little, so the development in the farm is sustainable as a whole, and has considerable potentiality of development. This paper promotes a new train of thought of multidimensional exploitation of the resources considering the exploitation of Achnatherum splendens steppe and Sand lake for tourism. With the developing of tourism, not only the problems of development are resolved and the output value greatly overpasses the direct output, but also the conservation is ensured. As the profit of tourism increased rapidly, more financial support was spent on the conservation, so a wetland reserve was founded in the past few years. The reserve increases the value of landscape in turn, and increases the income of the farm. From the success of Sand Lake, we can anticipate the solution of the contradiction of development and conservation. The success of Sand Lake exemplifies a successful way of mutual promoting of economic development and environment and species diversity conservation. Of course the human activity should comply with science and should be in order. Though Sand Lake has its unique feature,the mode of development has some generality, and has an important value serving as a reference.