赤霉素诱导麻疯树雌雄花分化的研究

为了探究外源喷施赤霉素(GA₃)对麻疯树花芽分化的影响,寻求赤霉素诱导雌花分化的适宜浓度,提高雌花比例,以3个麻疯树无性系为材料,用不同浓度的赤霉素喷施麻疯树花序芽,调查与花枝生长、花芽分化以及果实特性相关的14个性状,并进行数据分析。结果表明:赤霉素处理后,花序中花枝并未增多,雌雄花数量以及雌雄花比例均高于对照,且40 mg/L的赤霉素处理效果最佳,可显著促进雌花发育; 单花序果实数量增加,单果均质量、出籽率、百粒质量和种子含油量均显著低于对照; 在试验范围内,随着赤霉素浓度的提高,麻疯树花枝逐渐枯萎,1 200 mg/L赤霉素处理后的花枝全部枯萎,无果实采收。赤霉素的处理效果比较稳定,40 mg/L赤霉素可显著促进雌花发育。

Female and male flower bud differentiation of Jatropha curcas L.induced by gibberellin

The purpose of this study was to study the effects of exogenous GA₃ on flower bud differentiation of Jatropha curcas and screen the optimum concentration of gibberellin to increase the ratio of female flowers. We used three clones of J. curcas as trial materials, investigated and analyzed 14 flowers after spraying different concentrations of GA₃ to inflorescence buds. The GA₃ could promote the development of female flower, all the male and female flowers enlarged and the total number and proportion of female flowers were higher than that of the control, but inflorescence branches did not increase. The effect of 40 mg/L GA₃ was optimum for the development of female flowers. However, average fruits per inflorescence, fruit weight, seed rate, 100-seeds weight and the seed oil content were significantly lower than that of the control after treatment. In this trial, with the increasing of GA₃ concentration, the inflorescence branch would be withered, until 1 200 mg/L treatment, all flowers withered and no fruits were harvested. In conclusion, the effect of GA₃ was relatively stable, and 40 mg/L GA₃ was optimum for the development of female flowers.