百里杜鹃国家森林公园优势种生态位研究

【目的】评估百里杜鹃国家森林公园杜鹃花科优势种的资源利用能力和空间占据能力,为经营管理提供依据。【方法】应用生态位宽度、生态位相似度及Pianka生态位重叠度计算方法,对百里杜鹃优势种群生态位特征进行研究。【结果】(1)群落中杜鹃花科植物(马樱杜鹃、露珠杜鹃、迷人杜鹃、映山红)生态位宽度较大,分别为1.709、1.576、1.411、1.062,是群落的优势种;(2)该群落种群间的生态位相似性比例较小,生态位宽度与生态位相似性之间无显著关系;(3)生态位宽度大的物种与其他物种发生重叠的概率更大,但生态位重叠值不一定大。【结论】杜鹃花科植物在群落中生态位宽度较大,而马缨杜鹃与露珠杜鹃的生态位重叠程度在降低,这主要与植物的生物-生态学特性有关,是种群对资源利用的长期适应性结果。

Niches of the main plant species in Baili Rhododendron National Forest Park

Objective] Gain a better understanding of the ability of plants to utilize resources and to occupy space, pro?vide fundamental information for operation and management.Method] We explored the niches of dominant species in Baili Rhododendron National Forest Park based on niche breadth, niche similarity and Pianka's calculation method of niche overlap.Result] ①Rhododendron delavayi, R. agastum, R. irroratum and R. simsii were the main species in the community, and their niche breadths were 1.709, 1.576, 1.411 and 1.062, respectively. ②There was a low degree of niche similarity among species within the community, which indicated that they had a low similarity of resource use. There was no obvious correlation between niche similarity and niche breadths. ③There were more opportunities for spe?cies with large niche breadths to overlap with other species; however, their overlap value was not necessarily larger.Conclusion] The species with larger niche breadths are from the Ericaceae, and R. delavayi and R. irroratum have low?er niche overlap. This may be connected mainly with bio?ecological characters, which is the result of population adapta?bility to long?term resource utilization. The results pertaining to the niche of dominant species should be taken into con?sideration when developing more suitable measures for the protection of forest communities and landscape enhancement.