阻燃重组竹燃烧中的烟气毒性特征及抑烟性能

【目的】了解阻燃重组竹在燃烧时产生的烟雾情况和抑烟性能,为减少建筑火灾发生时的人员伤亡和财产损失提供参考。【方法】以竹束、复配阻燃剂等为原料制备了阻燃重组竹,采用锥形量热仪研究了其燃烧中的烟气特征、毒性情况及抑烟性能。【结果】与非阻燃重组竹相比,阻燃重组竹总烟释放量(TSR)的峰值降低了30.5%,比消光面积(SEA)的峰值降低了40.5%,烟释放速率(RSR)的峰值降低了27.8%,一氧化碳(CO)质量分数的峰值降低了74.7%,CO产率的均值降低了68.8%,二氧化碳(CO₂)质量分数的峰值降低了21.4%,CO₂产率的均值降低了35.1%。【结论】阻燃重组竹在燃烧中的产烟量和烟气毒性都明显低于非阻燃重组竹,复配阻燃剂具有显著的抑烟和降毒作用。

Smoke-inhibiting properties and smoke characteristics of fire-retardant bamboo scrimber in burning

【Objective】 In this study, we attempted to investigate the smoke production and fire-retarding properties of fire-retardant bamboo scrimber, in order to reduce casualties and property loss during building fires. 【Method】The fire-retardant bamboo scrimber was prepared from the raw materials of bamboo bundles and fire-retardant compounds. The smoke-inhibiting properties, toxicity and smoke characteristics of fire-retardant bamboo scrimber upon burning were tested using a cone calorimeter. 【Results】 The fire-retardant bamboo scrimber was compared with the non-fire-retardant bamboo scrimber. The peak value of the total smoke release(TSR)was reduced by 30.5%, the peak value of the specific extinction area(SEA)was reduced by 40.5%, the peak value of the rate of the smoke release(RSR)was reduced by 27.8%, the peak value of the CO mass fraction was reduced by 74.7%, the average value of the CO yield was reduced by 68.8%, the peak value of the CO₂ mass fraction was reduced by 21.4%, and the average value of the CO₂ yield was reduced by 35.1%. 【Conclusion】 The smoke toxicity and smoke production of the fire-retardant bamboo scrimber were significantly lower than those of the non-fire-retardant bamboo scrimber. Therefore, the mixed fire retardant demonstrated remarkable smoke inhibition properties and toxicity attenuation.