基于多源遥感的森林变化对区域温度影响的监测方法研究进展

人类活动通过改变土地覆被促成森林面积变化,推动碳收支和地表能量平衡发生相应变化,进而影响全球和区域尺度的气候。现有森林变化对区域温度的影响研究主要集中在有限精度的森林变化数据与温度数据结合的简单统计方法,但高可靠度的森林变化及其生物物理过程对区域温度的影响研究表明,准确、全面地理解森林与气候之间的生物物理相互作用机制,能为森林生态系统的全面评估提供科学支撑。笔者综合分析了基于多源遥感的森林变化结合其生物物理过程对区域温度影响的多种监测方法,结果发现:①多源中高分辨率森林变化数据的有限可用性一直阻碍着对温度变化影响的精准量化;②集成遥感观测数据的多种方法在量化森林变化的生物物理机制对于区域温度变化影响的评价不一致。因此,森林变化的生物物理机制及其温度效应是一个值得深入分析的问题。未来需要充分发挥多种数据源合理集成后用于解释森林响应气候效应方面的交叉优势,理解生物物理机制与生物化学机制共同作用下的森林变化、碳循环与气候的交互关系,并通过森林生态系统的合理经营与管理实现其气候效益最大化。

Review on monitoring methods of the effects of forest changes on regional temperature based on multi-source remote sensing data

Human activities contribute to forest changes by altering land cover, promoting changes in carbon budget and surface energy balance, further affecting climate at global and regional scales. Current studies on the impact of forest changes on regional temperature are mainly focused on the simple statistical method combining forest change data with temperature data with limited accuracy, however, studies on the effects of forest changes with high reliability and its biophysical processes on regional temperature indicate that an accurate and comprehensive understanding of the biophysical interaction mechanisms between forest and climate can provide a scientific support for the comprehensive assessment of forest ecosystems. The author made a comprehensive analysis of various monitoring methods of forest changes combined with thier biophysical processes based on multi-source remote sensing on regional temperature, and found that: (1) the limited availability of high-resolution forest change data from multiple sources has been hindering the accurate quantification of the impact of temperature changes; (2) the evaluation of results about quantifying the impact of the biophysical mechanism of forest charge on regional temperature based on the methods for integrating remote sensing observations is inconsistent. Therefore, the biophysical mechanism of forest change and the temperature effects are worthy of in-depth analysis. In the future, the cross-cutting advantages of rational integration of multiple data sources to explain forest response to climate effects should be fully utilized to understand the interaction between forest change, carbon cycle and climate under biophysical and biochemical mechanisms, and to maximize climate benefits through rational management of forest ecosystems.