大戟科4种植物内生真菌分离与抑菌研究

对大戟科4种药用植物大戟、泽漆、乌桕、重阳木内生真菌进行分离鉴定,并检测其抑菌活性。结果表明:4种植物均含有内生菌,乌桕中获得13株内生菌,鉴定12株,分别属于丝核菌属、小菌核菌属、拟盘多毛孢属、小单头孢属、毛壳菌属、壳小圆孢属、棒盘孢属、交链孢属;京大戟中获得9株内生菌,鉴定8株,分别属于镰刀菌和交链孢属;泽漆中获得6株内生菌,鉴定4株,属于交链孢属;重阳木中获得15株内生菌,鉴定了4株,分别属于小穴壳属、壳小圆孢属、拟茎点霉属。茎中均有内生菌,种子和重阳木叶中均未分离到。总计43株内生菌中有11株有稳定的抑菌活性,占总菌株的25.58%,有12株有不稳定的抑菌活性,占27.91%。用绿豆发芽试验检验表明,仅有1株菌在绿豆幼苗上形成病斑,其余均生长良好,且21株表现出对绿豆芽的促进作用。

The Screening and Identification of Endophytic Fungi from Four Species of Family Euphorbiaceae and the Strains' Antibacterial Activity

To develop the endophytic fungi from medicinal plants of family Euphorbiaceae,the endophytic fungi from four kinds of medicinal plants of family Euphorbiaceae were screened and identified.The antibacterial activity of these strains was detected.The results showed that 13 strains of endophytic fungi were screened from Sapium sebiferum and 12 of them were identified.These strains belong to Rhizoctonia spp.,Sclerotium spp.,Pestalotiopsis spp.Acremoniell spp,Chaetomium spp.,Coniothyrium spp.,Coryneum spp.,Alternaria(spp.9 strains) of endophytic fungi were screened from Euphorbia pekinensis and 8 of them were identified.They were identified as Fusariium spp.and Alternaria spp.6 strains of endophytic fungi were screened from E.helioscopia and 4 of them were identified.They were identified as Alternaria spp.15 strains of endophytic fungi were screened from Bischofia polycarpam and 4 of them were identified.They were identified as Dothiorella spp.,Coniothyium sp.Phomopsis spp.There are endophytic fungi at the stems.But we can't find them at leaves of Bischofia polycarpam and four kinds of seeds.11 strains of(43(25.58%))showed the steadiness antibacterial activity,12 strains of 43(27.91%) strains showed unsteadiness antibacterial activity.The strains showed that steadiness antibacterial activity belonged to Alternaria spp.,Fusariium spp.,Chaetomium spp.,Coniothyium spp.and Phomopsis spp.The results by green grams germinating showed that only one strain was diseased.21 of total 43 strains were beneficial to the germinating of green grams.