水力侵蚀过程中土壤有机碳循环研究进展

水力侵蚀(水蚀)是土壤侵蚀研究的焦点和热点领域,研究水蚀作用下侵蚀与沉积过程中土壤有机碳的动态变化对于评估土壤碳的“源/汇”效应具有重要意义。笔者总结了水蚀过程中土壤碳循环的研究现状,从侵蚀过程中土壤有机碳流失的定量研究、有机碳迁移与再分配以及有机碳矿化的影响等3个方面明确了土壤水蚀过程中土壤有机碳动态,并对国内外土壤水蚀过程中的有机碳主要研究成果进行了对比分析。建议未来研究中先对水蚀过程中有机碳的破坏、搬运和沉积等全过程进行精准解析和量化,在此基础上揭示其物理、化学及生物等共同作用下碳矿化特征的响应机制,全面探究水蚀过程中土壤碳收支的动态,量化土壤侵蚀对全球土壤碳循环的贡献率。

A review on the soil organic carbon cycling under water erosion

Water erosion was the focus and hot field of soil erosion research. It was of great significance to study the dynamics of soil organic carbon during erosion and deposition under water erosion for evaluating the “source & sink” effect of soil carbon. The study summarized the research status of soil carbon cycle under water erosion, expounds the research and methods of soil carbon mineralization in the process of soil water erosion, and clarified the dynamics of soil organic carbon in the process of soil water erosion from three aspects: the quantitative research of soil organic carbon mineralization, the redistribution of organic carbon and the influence of organic carbon mineralization. The main achievements of organic carbon in the process of soil water erosion at home and abroad are compared and analyzed. It is suggested that the whole process of water erosion, such as destruction, transportation and deposition, should be accurately analyzed and quantified in future research. On this basis, the response mechanism of carbon mineralization characteristics under the combined action of physics, chemistry and biology should be revealed, and the dynamics of soil carbon budget during water erosion should be comprehensively explored to quantify the contribution of soil erosion to the global soil carbon cycle.