林业碳汇产品价值实现路径综述

通过分析林业碳汇产品价值实现路径,促进林业碳汇生态效益、经济效益、社会效益的融合共赢。采用文献综述、案例归纳分析等概述林业碳汇产品相关概念,归纳梳理林业碳汇产品价值实现路径,并探究其发展的不足之处,最后结合中国学术研究与实践发展现状,对今后的理论研究与机制设计提出相关建议。笔者界定了林业碳汇金融的概念,认为林业碳汇产品价值实现路径可概括为政府生态补偿路径、林业碳汇金融路径和林业碳汇产业化路径,这3种路径有助于实现林业碳汇产品的价值。但是当前各国政府生态补偿缺乏可持续性、林业碳汇交易规则亟须完善、金融机构参与林业碳汇金融意愿薄弱,以及林业碳汇产业化进程缓慢等问题制约着林业碳汇产品价值的实现。建议从完善林业碳汇生态补偿制度、推进林业碳汇产品纳入国家统一的碳市场交易、强化林业碳汇金融路径理论与实践研究、健全林业碳汇产业为核心的产业扶持政策、加强林业碳汇产品价值实现的保障机制建设等方面,推动中国林业碳汇价值的实现。

A review of the value realization path of forestry carbon sink products

Analyzing the value realization path of forestry carbon sink products can help realize the integration and win-win of ecological benefits, economic benefits and social benefits of forestry carbon sinks. Through the literature review and case inductive analysis, the related concepts of forestry carbon sink products were introduced, the value realization path of forestry carbon sink products was summarized, and the shortcomings of its development were explored. Finally, based on the current situation of academic research and practice development in China, we provide suggestions for future theoretical research and mechanism design. The authors defines the concept of forestry carbon sink finance, and believes that the value realization path of forestry carbon sink products can be summarized as the government ecological compensation path, the forestry carbon sink financial path and forestry carbon sink industrialization paths. These three paths are helpful to realize the value of forestry carbon sink products. However, the current lack of sustainable government ecological compensation in various countries, the urgent need to improve forestry carbon sink trading rules, weak willingness of financial institutions to participate in forestry carbon sink finance, and slow industrialization of forestry carbon sinks restrict the realization of the value of forestry carbon sink products. To improve the forestry carbon sink ecological compensation system, we suggest promoting the incorporation of forestry carbon sink products into the national unified carbon market, strengthening the theoretical and practical research on the forestry carbon sink financial path, improving the forestry carbon sink industry as the core industrial support policy, and strengthening the construction of the guarantee mechanism for the value of forestry carbon sink products, etc. These aspects will promote the realization of the value of China’s forestry carbon sink.