菊花组织培养植株再生及其后代的变异

通过对微波处理后的菊花花蕾、叶片和茎进行组织培养,获得如下结果:1.菊花花蕾、叶片和茎3种外植体均能通过诱导形成愈伤组织,愈伤组织多以丛生苗的形式再生.其中,花蕾的愈伤组织诱导频率和苗的再生频率最高,花蕾可以作为菊花组织培养的良好起始材料;2.比较不同的培养基激素成分显示,在MS 6-BA3 mg/L NAA 0.5 mg/L的培养基上菊花花蕾再生频率最高;3.从诱变育种的角度考虑,微波处理20 s对菊花花蕾的离体培养是较理想的剂量;4.在获得的再生植株中出现了明显可见的形态变异.形态变异主要有4种类型:1)花序由头状花序转变为唇形花,花、茎、叶等形态特征与唇形科的植物(如:紫苏)非常相似;2)节间比亲本长约0.5 cm左右,叶片变大,枝条分蘖能力降低;3)在同一植株上开出的花朵出现了3种不同深浅的红色,即粉红、玫瑰红、深红色;4)株形出现丛生状.本研究结果为进一步利用组织培养实现菊花育种和利用获得的突变体研究栽培菊花的起源和菊花花发育提供了极好的前提材料.

Plant regeneration and its descendant's variation from tissue culture of Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema morifolium L.)

The tissue culture of chrysanthemum was studied. The results were as follows: 1.Calli could be induced from young flower bud,leaf and stem of chrysanthemum.Clusters of shoots and plantlets could be regenerated from calli.Regeneration frequency of young flower bud was the highest among all.Young flower bud was suitable for tissue culture of chrysanthemum.2.By comparing different medium,it showed that regeneration frequency of young bud flower of chrysanthemum was the highest on MS 6-BA 3 mg/L NAA 0.5 mg/L medium.3. Treat ment Twenty-second microwave of explant of young bud flower could be suitable to mutation breeding of chrysanthemum.4.Four types of morphological variations of the regeneration plantlets from young flower buds treated with microwave were observed.1) Flower architecture is change from capitulum to labiate flower.The characters of variation including flower,leaf and stem were extremely similar to that of plant of mint family.2) The internode of variation plant was approximately 0.5cm longer uhan that of the parent.The leaf blade was bigger while the tiller ability was lower.3) The flowers on the variation plant appeared 3 kinds of varying degree red,namely flesh color,the rose pink color,the scarlet red.4) The shape of variation plant was growing thickly.