睡眠剥夺对脑认知和脑电复杂性的影响

为研究睡眠对大脑功能的影响，考察了正常睡眠与睡眠剥夺情况下脑认知能力的变化，分析了两种状态下自发脑电和事件相关电位复杂性的差异．通过事件相关电位P300的潜伏期与幅度反映不同状态下的脑认知能力，采用小波熵方法分析其复杂性．实验采用数字脑电图仪记录19导脑电信号，用OB序列诱发视觉事件相关电位．结果发现，睡眠剥夺组的靶刺激反应时间明显增长，而P300幅度显著降低、潜伏期明显增加；小波熵分析结果表明，与正常睡眠组比较，睡眠剥夺组自发脑电的256点小波熵和事件相关电位的32点小波熵均值都显著降低．故得出结论：睡眠剥夺对人的认知和脑电复杂性均产生了负向影响．因此，睡眠对维持大脑的功能具有重要作用．

Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Brain Cognition and EEG Complexity

In order to expose the effect of sleep on the brain function, the cognition and complexity of EEG and evoked potentials were investigated after natural sleep and sleep deprivation. The latent period and amplitude of event-related potentials were used to reflect the brain cognition. Wavelet entropy (WE) was used to analyze the complexity of spontaneous and evoked EEG. The 19 channels of EEG were recorded while the event-related potentials were evoked by using standard oddball paradigm. The results indicate that, compared with natural sleep, the reaction time of subject evidently increased, the P300 amplitude decreased and the latent period of P300 delayed after 24-hour sleep deprivation. Wavelet entropy analysis shows that after sleep deprivation, compared with natural sleep, the 256 points WE of spontaneous EEG and the 32 points average WE of ERP evidently decreased. In conclusion, the effects of sleep deprivation on brain cognition and EEG complexity are obvious and negative, which shows the importance of natural sleep.