利用松墨天牛早期监测松材线虫病的研究

探索快速检测松墨天牛成虫携带线虫的情况。利用室内松枯死木段中羽化的和FJ—MA—02引诱剂及活虫捕捉器林间诱捕的松墨天牛成虫，用解剖方法和显微镜，对其携带的线虫部位、线虫量和速检做了研究。结果表明；5min后就能检测出其体内有无病原线虫的存在，15—30min后线虫游离率达92．04％-100％。松墨天牛携带线虫率高达44．59％～78．98％，平均为68．63％。在检测有线虫的天牛中，携带线虫量最高为116333条·头^-1，最低为398条·头^-1，平均为10303．85条·头^-1；雌成虫平均线虫携带量（14134．14条·头^-1）高于雄成虫（1366．5条·头^-1）。天牛携带的线虫量以腹部最多，占整个身体线虫量的77．78％以上，平均为82．62％，头胸部线虫量最高仅占25．90％。多年来的研究表明：松墨天牛头胸部有线虫的，其腹部一定也有线虫。因此，在利用松墨天牛成虫预测松材线虫病时，可取成虫含线虫量高的腹部进行分离镜检即可。该方法具有在病害传入早期及时发现和检测时间短等优点。

STUDIES ON THE DETECTION TECHNIQUE OF BURSAPHELENCHUS XYLOPHILUS DISEASE THROUGH THE USE OF MONOCHAMUS ALTERNATUS

In this paper, the rapid detection technique was set up to determine the parasitoid rate of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in Monochamu.s alternatus. Indoor experiments were carried out by use of live adults of Monochamm alternatus. These adults emerged from the indoor dried dead pine - segments; or trapped by Attractant FJ- MA -02 and traps in the forest. Results indicated that the nematode presentation could be detected from the Monochamu.5 alternatus bodies in 5rain; the nematode isolation rate could reach to 92.04 - 100% in 15 - 30min. The parasitoid rate of Bursaphelenchgs xylophilgs was in between 44.59% and 78.98% ; with the average of 68.63%. In the examined Monochamus alternatus adults, an average of 10,303.85 （ with the range of 11,633 - 398 ） nematode individuals were found for each adult. In the female Monochamus alternatus adults, the higher average nematode individuals （14,134.14） were found for each than that （ 1,366.5 ） in each male adult. The most of nematode individuals were found in abdomen part of the Monochamus alternatus body, had more than 77.78% （ average 82.90% ） of the total nematode numbers; that remained in the head of Monochamus alternatus individual would not higher than 25.90%. Due to the research results of years, the presentation fact was proved absolutely that Bursaphelenchus xylophilus individuals could be found in the abdomen of Monocharnus alternatus individual while its head and chest parts had had Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Therefore, in the investigation of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus disease, the head of Monochamus alternatus was the only part needed to be checked.