不同船速比对改向避让效果的影响

为了研究船速比在船舶驾驶员制定改向避让决策时的影响，运用船舶相对运动几何原理建立船速比与改向避让施舵点、改向幅度之间的数学模型，分析不同目标交汇特征下船速比（K≥1）分别对施舵点和改向幅度的影响。仿真实验结果表明，船速比（K≥1.5）较大的情况下，本船按《国际海上避碰规则》（以下简称规则）改向避让的效果不显著，对左正横附近来船，可能产生安全隐患。

The Effect of Different Ship Speed Ratios on Collision Avoidance Behavior

In order to study the influence of ship speed ratios on making course changing decisions for collision avoidance by deck officers,the relative motion geometry of ships is applied to establish the relational model of the speed ratio with rudder point and alteration range,and analyse the effect of speed ratio（K≥1）on the rudder point and alteration range under different target encounter characteristics.The simulation results show that if the ship speed ratio is large (K≥1.5) and the ship changes course to avoid collision according to the existing 《International Regulations for Preventing Collision at sea》(short for COLREGS),the avoidance effect is not significant,and there may be a safety hazard to ships coming from the left beam.