布依族9项头面部群体遗传学特征的研究

调查了布依族中学生320例(男172例，女148例)9项遗传学指标(内眦褶、上眼睑皱褶、门齿类型、鼻梁类型、鼻孔形状、下颏类型、耳垂类型、额头发际、发形)．结果显示：(1)布依族有内眦褶率较低．有上眼睑皱褶率较高，铲型门齿率中等偏高．凸鼻梁率中等水平，宽鼻孔率较高．突型下颏率中等偏高，有耳垂率中等偏低，额头发际有尖率较低，卷发率较低；(2)除了内眦褶、耳垂类型外，其余7项指标类型出现率性别间均无显著差异；(3)9项指标彼此间相关性极小；(4)总的来看，与其他人群7项特征基因频率比较的结果显示：布依族与汉族、蒙古族、朝鲜族、达斡尔族、鄂温克族、鄂伦春族在内眦褶、上眼睑皱褶、鼻孔形状、额头发际这4项指标的基因频率上大多存在极显著性差异．

Population genetic studies on nine head-face characters of Bouyei nationality

Nine genetics indexes,including mongoloid fold,eyefold of the upper eyelid,front tooth type,nasal profile,nostril form,chin projection,lobe type,hair point of the forehead and hair form were investigated for 320 middle school students(172 males and 148 females)in Bouyei nationality.The results showed as follows.(1)The Bouyei nationality had lower rate of mongoloid fold,higher rate of upper eyelid eyefold,middle and a little higher rate of shovel-shaped front tooth,middle rate of umbonate nasal profile,higher rate of wide nostril,middle and a little higher rate of protruding chin,slightly lower than middle rates of ear lobe,lower rate of pointed hair point on forehead and curly hair form;(2)Seven indexes showed no sexual difference except for mongoloid fold and lobe type;(3)These nine indexes showed extremly little correlations;(4)As a whole,compared with gene frequencies of seven indexes of other nationalities,the result indicated gene frequencies of mongoloid fold,eyefold of the upper eyelid,nostril form and hair point of the forehead had extremely significant difference between Bouyei and six other nationalities.