驾驶员行为仿真模型研究进展

着重从驾驶行为分析的角度出发,回顾了以往构建于控制论思想之上的车辆跟驰模型,特别是其中与人因素有关的GHR模型、碰撞避免模型、AP模型、基于模糊逻辑的模型、基于神经网络的模型、期望间距模型等,对各模型的构建理论和主要优缺点进行了详细阐述,从整体上揭示了上述模型构建过程中所忽视的用于刻画驾驶行为可变性特点的一些关键性问题,并结合当今交通领域最新的研究成果分别从应用领域专门化、研究手段多样化、研究层次深入化、模型构建实用化等方面预测了驾驶行为仿真模型未来的发展趋势.

Review of the simulation model of driving behavior

In the past,the research concerning to driving behavior mainly focused on the car-following process.From the view of the behavior analysis,the car-following models concerning to the human factors based on the cybernetics are reviewed in this paper,such as the GHR model,the collision avoidance model,the AP model,the fuzzy logic model,the neural network model,the desired headway model,and so on.Advantages and disadvantages during the model establishment process are discussed in detail.Some important questions used to characterize the driving behavior,which are usually ignored in the establishment process of the models,are also revealed.With the latest research of the modern traffic field,and also from the specialization of the application field,the diversification of the study means and the practicability of the model establishment,the development direction of the driving behavior simulation models in the future is forecasted.