低碳经济背景下的峰谷分时电价建模及福利分析

为研究峰谷分时电价对社会福利的影响,提出了一种考虑用户滞后响应的峰谷分时电价模型.首先,将发电企业和电力用户分为不同的类型,构建了基本的电力市场网络结构;其次,通过引入滞后弹性参数和非价格影响参数,建立了基于用户响应的单一价格模型和峰谷分时电价模型;然后,在保证发电企业收益和用户需求的前提下,分别求解了2种模型的电价和各时段负荷;最后,采用泰勒级数近似法估算了消费者支付意愿的变化,并分析了峰谷分时电价对用户行为和社会福利的影响.仿真案例表明,本模型具有一定的可操作性,对峰谷电价的实施以及评估其对社会福利的影响具有重要的参考价值.

Time of use price modeling and welfare analysis in the background of low-carbon economy

In order to study the effects of TOU(time of use)on social welfare,we construct a peak-valley tariff setting model based on the lag of consumers’ response.Firstly,a basic net-work model is established by dividing generating side and demand side into different types in electricity market;secondly,a month cycle model(peak-valley and single pricing) of demand response to peak-valley time price is constructed according to introducing lag elasticity and non-price effects to the model;Then,the two models are solved under the assumption that generations’ profit and users’ demand are guaranteed.Lastly,the Taylor Series Approximation is used to estimate the change in willingness to pay of consumers,and the effects of Peak-Valley Tariffs on user behavior and social welfare are analyzed subsequently.The simulation results show that the method has better maneuverability and it has great significance for practical application in China and evaluating the changes in social welfare caused by TOU.