硫酸钾镁作底肥对高原粳稻生长后期部分生理特性和产量的影响

以楚粳28为试验材料,采用盆钵种植,研究硫酸钾镁作底肥对高原粳稻产量和一些生理性状的影响,设1g/钵和2g/钵试验两种施用量,单独施用或与农家肥配合施用,设单施农家肥和不施任何肥料两个对照。结果表明:施用硫酸钾镁肥有利于提高有效穗数、穗粒数和千粒重,有利于产量的提高;硫酸钾镁肥与农家肥配合施用,能提高叶片中的叶绿素含量,减缓后期叶绿素的下降速度,并使SOD酶活性和游离脯氨酸含量在抽穗后有较大的提高,在灌浆后期降低速度慢,达到了增强水稻渗透调节能力和消除自由基的能力,增强了抗性,延缓叶片衰老。在生产上建议每667m2用钵硫酸钾镁肥20kg和腐熟的农家肥1500kg配合作底肥一次性施入田中。

Effects of Sulphate-potassium Magnesium Fertilizer as Base Fertilizer on Some Physiological Characters in the Late Growth Stage and Yield of Japonica Rice

Effects of Sulphate-potassium Magnesium fertilizer as base fertilizer on some physiological characters and yield of japonica rice was studied with Chujing 28 by using pot experiment.This experiment set up six treatments of two fertilizers（1g per pot and 2g per /pot）,separate application or whether the combination of farm manure,no fertilizer treatments and without applying any fertilizers as controls.The results showed that Sulphate-potassium Magnesium fertilizer was beneficial to increase the effective panicle number,grain number per spike,seed setting rate and grain yield.Sulphate-potassium Magnesium fertilizer combine farm manure can effectively increase the chlorophyll contents and reduced the descent speed of the chlorophyll contents in the late growth stage.Sulphate-Potassium Magnesium fertilizer was beneficial to enhance significantly the superoxide dismutase（SOD） activity and free Proline content after heading,but decreased slowly during the later filling stage.Thus enhanced osmotic adjustment ability,eliminated free radicals ability and resistanced delaying senescence.Therefore,it is recommended in the production that the fertilizer methods is best with farm manure1500 kg/667m2 and Sulphate-Potassium Magnesium fertilizer 20 kg/667m^2 as base fertilizer.