制造与再制造混合系统中库存与牛鞭效应的分析与优化

运用控制理论对一个简单的制造与再制造混合系统建立了动态数学模型，并定量分析了再制造过程的生产提前期和回收率对整个混合制造系统的动态特性之影响．结果表明，较高的产品回收率可以减少库存变化和牛鞭效应，回收量能够在一定程度上用于吸收需求波动，而较长的再制造提前期对于减小库存变化和牛鞭效应的作用则不明显．在该特定的系统中，供应链中有回收时的库存变化与牛鞭效应比没有回收时的要小．

Analysis and Optimization of Inventory Variance and Bullwhip in a Manufacturing/Remanufacturing System

Quantitative analysis of closed-loop supply chains is often based on a specified cost function;dynamical performance of the system is rarely considered.This paper adopted a control theory approach to build a simple dynamic model of a hybrid manufacturing/remanufacturing system.It highlights the effect of remanufacturing(and return) lead-time and the return rate on the inventory variance and bullwhip produced by the ordering policy.The results show that a larger return rate leads to less bullwhip and less inventory variance.Thus returns can be used to improve dynamic performance by absorbing some of the demand fluctuations.Longer remanufacturing(and return) lead-times have less impact on reducing inventory variance and bullwhip than shorter lead-times.It is concluded that within our specified system the inventory variance and bullwhip is always less in supply chain with returns than that without returns.