油轮艏部结构碰撞特性

在船舶碰撞中，船艏是主要作用方．为减少碰撞事故损失，从碰撞的观点出了一种研究船艏碰撞特性的方法及表达船艏碰撞特性的特征量，据以改进船首设计．根据船艏结构本身的碰撞破损过程，对船艏结构碰撞力与破损深度的关系、艏部构件在碰撞过程中的损伤形态和能量耗散进行了研究，指出碰撞力曲线是船艏结构的一种固有特性．提出了碰撞力面积密度曲线的概念，它可用于定量表达船艏结构对其他结构的破坏能力．利用有限元数值模拟方法计算了一艘4万t船艏的碰撞损坏实例，显示了上述碰撞特征并讨论了提高碰撞数值模拟计算精度的方法．

Collision Characteristics of the Bow Structure of Tanker

Ship bow is the main action part during ship collision process. A method for studying the collision characteristics and parameters expressing collision characteristic of bow structures were brought forward. The relationship between crashing force and penetration was studied from the collision damage process of bow strucures, and damage mode and absorbing energy characteristics of components of structure were also studied. It was proposed that the collision force curve is inherent characteristic of bow structures and the collision force density curve can quantitatively express the acutance of ship bow structures. The collision mode of ship bow impact rigid wall finite element simulation method was used for researching an example of the collision peculiarity of a DWT 4 0000 t oil tanker colliding rigid wall.