在水运系统中用排队理论优选船舶与泊位元素

本文论述了一种以排队理论结合蒙特卡洛试验分析随机模拟船舶营运,以秦皇岛至上海航线上的煤炭运输为例进行水运系统分析的方法.分析中的变量参数有:船型尺度,泊位规模与个数,装卸机械的型式和装卸率.按实际情况分析,确定了船舶到达的分布函数和装卸服务时间的分布函数,以适当的经济指标为目标函数,对船舶、装卸机械和泊位的组合情况进行了计算.可以看出在此水运系统中泊位投资相对船舶投资比例较小,若采用低速和较小长宽比的船舶并配有高效的连续式装卸机将会有较好的经济效益.

Optimal Choice of Ship Particulars and Port Elements with Queueing Theory in Water-Transportaion Systems

In this paper,a method based on the queueiny theory in combina-tion with the Monte Carlo experimental method is used to simulate shipoperation.As an example,water transportation of coal on the route betweenQinhuangdao and Shanghai was analysed.The parameters used in the analysisare ship dimensions,number of berth and their size,type of loading/unlo-ading facilities and their capacities.Ship arrival distribution functions andloading/unloading service time distribution functions are obtained on the basisof actual situations and theoretical analysis.Appropriate matching of ship,berths and their loading/unloading facilities is numerically calculated throughproper choice of economic criteria as an objection functiove.It can be seenthat the investment in ships is higher than that in berth.It also appearsthat ships with low L/B and low speed incorporated with continuous loading/unloading facilities will lead to good results.The problems of the limita-tion of the number of ships in a queue and the limitation of potential shipsin a given source population are also dealt with in this paper.