隐伏断裂上方地气异常特征及其机理研究

地气测量技术是捕集并测定地下上升气流中痕量金属和非金属元素来揭示较深部地层的信息。文章论述了不同类型隐伏断裂上方地气异常的特征，主要可概括为：（１）地气异常元素组合具有相似性，主要元素为Ｗ、Ｓｂ、Ｌａ、Ｓｍ、Ｃｏ、Ｋ和Ｎａ等微量元素和造岩元素。对隐伏含矿破碎带，除出现上述元素地气异常外，还叠加有与矿化密切相关的成矿元素及其伴生元素的地气异常。（２）在地气异常形态上，主要呈现异常“群”的分布特点，异常位置均出现在隐伏断裂的正上方；异常的宽度基本上反映了隐伏断裂破碎带的宽度。对地气样品进行多种扫描探针显微技术证实，地气样品上沉积的物质是以纳米级微粒及其集合体的形式存在的。

THE CHARACTER OF GEOGAS ANOMALY ON CONCEALED FAULTS AND ITS MECHANISM

The geogas prospecting technique is a new method for finding concealed deposits and faults by means of collecting and analysing the metals and nonmetals from ascending gas in the crust. This paper describes the characters of geogas anomalies on different types of concealed faults: (1)The elements of geogas anomalies include some trace elements and rock forming elements, such as W, Sb, La, Sm, Co, K and Na etc. on the different types of concealed faults, besides that, the elements relative to mineralization are also present on ore bearing faults; (2)In the morphological features, geogas anomalies present almost above the faults and correspond with the concealed faults in the width. The geogas substance deposited on the collectors has been verified to be a particle with several dozen nanometers. On the basis of the special behaviors of nanoscale matters, this paper discusses the potential applications of geogas prospecting technique in geological investigation, geothermal exploration, engineerig geological mapping and environmental evaluation.