攀枝花地区水土流失动态变化研究

选择攀枝花市部分地区的Landsat-5 TM(1988年)和Landsat-7 ETM (1999年)遥感数据,通过遥感图像信息挖掘,提取植被覆盖度、沟谷分布、土地利用现状及土壤成土母质等信息,结合地形数据等水土流失因子;利用地理信息系统强大的空间分析功能,获取水土流失信息进行统计分析,对研究区水土流失的强度等级以及动态变化进行分析评价.研究表明,水土流失变化主要发生于植被覆盖不良的荒地和坡耕地上,其中坡耕地水土流失变得最严重,大部分为强度及强度以上级别水土流失区.从地貌上看,水土流失变化主要发生在低山、丘陵地区,这些地区人类活动频繁,植被破坏严重,大量开垦耕地,有利于水土流失发生.从岩类上看,半胶结砂岩、粘土岩岩组和紫红色泥岩、砂岩、页岩岩组分布区,由于多开垦为耕地,抗蚀能力弱,且多未实施保水保土措施,因此是水土流失严重的地区.

Dynamic change analysis of the water and soil erosion in Panzhihua, Sichuan, China

In this paper, by choosing remote sensing data of landsat-5 TM and landsat-7 ETM in some regions of Panzhihua in Sichuan and excavating information from the remote sensing images, the authors obtain the information about the vegetation-covered rate, the distribution of the valleys, the current situation of the land use, the origin soil, and other information. By integrating terrain data and other factors of soil erosion, using the powerful spatial analysis function of GIS, the authors count and analyze the soil erosion information obtained, classify the intensity of soil erosion in the study area, and analyze and appraise the dynamical change. The study shows that the change of soil erosion mainly occurs in badlands covered by little vegetation and especially in the cultivated slope; most of these regions are classified as intense erosion and more intense level. According to geomorphology, most change of soil erosion happens in low hills and knaps, for in these places, the human activities are so strong, the vegetation is badly destroyed, more and more cultivated land is reclaimed. According to petrography, half glued sandstone, clay rock group, mauve mudstone, sandstone, shale rock group of these regions are easily reclaimed, weak to resist erosion, and not be protected b relating measures, so these regions are easily influenced by serious soil erosion.