群际行为的个体水平变量:权威主义与社会优势定位

群际行为研究一直是社会心理学家的兴趣所在。有关偏见等群际行为的研究有两大传统,个体水平的研究取向和群体水平的研究取向。目前个体水平的变量主要有权威主义人格和社会优势定位。两者解释了各种情境下的偏见、歧视等现象。RWA对威胁社会控制、秩序、凝聚力、稳定性的群体产生消极态度,并且受知觉到的威胁的调节;SDO对基于相对的优势和优越性上和竞争性激发的群体将会产生消极态度,例如,低权力和低地位的社会次级群体,受知觉到的竞争性的调节。

Individual Level Factors of Inter-group Behavior: Authoritarianism and Social Dominance Orientation

Social psychologists always are interested in inter-group behavior researches. There are two trandition in researches: individual level factors and group level factors. Recently, individual level factors that are most important are authoritarianism, social dominance orientation. Both of them explain common prejudice and discrimination in various sitiation. RWA should cause negative attitudes toward groups seen as threatening social control, order, cohesion ,and stability, such as deviant groups, and negativity toward these groups should be mediated through perceived threat from them. SDO should cause negative attitudes toward groups that activate competitiveness over relative dominance and superiority, such as socially subordinate groups low in power and status ,and negativity toward these groups should be mediated through competitiveness toward them. The paper wants to integrate individual level factors and group level factors.