基于微观渗流机理的宏观油藏数值模拟研究

处于高含水开发期油藏的剩余油分布主要受流体性质和岩石孔隙结构的影响，而经典数值模拟并没有考虑微观孔喉特征的影响。为此建立了描述微观孔喉特征的地层孔隙网络模型，并对构成网络的基本连线单元进行改进，使网络模型能更细致地描述油水分布特征和水驱油微观机理。利用逾渗理论计算了基于微观渗流机理的相对渗透率曲线，并将其应用到经典数值模拟计算中，实现了微观渗流机理与宏观数值模拟计算的结合。实例分析表明，利用该数值模拟计算方法得到的基于微观特征的剩余油分布更符合地下实际流体分布，其结果可为调剖堵水、化学驱提供技术参数。

Macroscopic numerical reservoir simulation based on microscopic percolation mechanism

The remaining oil distribution during high water-cut development period was controlled by the fluid properties and pore configuration of rock. The microscopic features of pore throat were not taken into account in the classical numerical reservoir simulation. The network model was established to describe the microscopic features of pore throat, and the hypothesis of basic line unit was improved, which could describe fluid distribution features and water flooding mechanism more precisely. The relative permeability curves based on microscopic percolation mechanism were calculated by percolation theory, and which were used in classical reservoir simulation. The combination of microscopic percolation mechanism and macroscopic numerical reservoir simulation became a reality. The macroscopic simulation results of the remaining oil distributing form and rules based on microscopic percolation mechanism agree well with real fluid distribution. The results can provide technical parameters for profile controlling, water plugging and chemical flooding.