玻璃、环氧酚醛烘干漆衬里管道防蜡机理

对抽油机井产油、输油装置进行了模拟实验，同时进行了不锈钢、碳钢、玻璃、环氧酚醛烘干漆表面亲水特性实验和玻璃管、环氧酚醛烘干漆衬里管防蜡实验，研究了玻璃衬里管、环氧酚醛烘干漆衬里管的防蜡机理。与碳钢管相比，玻璃衬里管道内壁较强的亲水特性和光滑的表面是降低积蜡、防止管道堵塞之关键。在玻璃管壁与油流之间形成稳定的水膜，将原油与管壁隔开，阻止、减弱了原油和蜡在管壁上的沉积。环氧酚醛烘干漆衬里管道虽然具有较光滑的内壁表面，但由于具有较弱的亲水特性，防蜡效果比玻璃衬里管差。

MECHANISM OF WAX PREVENTION IN PIPELINES WITH INNER LAYERS OF GLASS AND EPOXY PHENOL ALDEHYDE LACQUER

The simulation of crude oil production by pump well and the transport of crude oil and water wet behavior in the pipeline with inner layers of glass and epoxy phenol aldehyde lacquer were carried out. Hydrophilicity of glass, steel, stainless steel and epoxy phenol aldehyde lacquer and the prevention of wax deposition by using tubes with inner layers of glass and epoxy phenol aldehyde lacquer were tested in laboratory. In the same condition, when oil and water flowed with air bubble in the tubes of glass, stainless steel and epoxy phenol aldehyde lacquer, oil deposition on the wall of the glass tubes decreased obviously. As the water content in oil increased from 0 to 30%, the oil deposition on the wall of glass, stainless steel and epoxy phenol aldehyde lacquer tubes decreased gradually. The wall of the pipe with glass inner layer is more smooth and hydrophilic than that of steel pipe, which is the main reason to reduce oil deposition on the wall of the pipe and to prevent blocking of the pipe. When a stable water film is formed between oil and the wall of glass tube, oil can be prevented from deposition on the wall of the glass tube, and the wax deposition on the wall of glass tube can be reduced. Although the wall of pipe with inner layer of epoxy phenol aldehyde lacquer is smooth, the less hydrophilicity of the inner layer makes the less ability of the pipe to prevent oil deposition on the pipe wall than the pipe with glass inner layer. The wax was deposited on the wall of the pipe in molecular diffusion, when oil temperature was high and the temperature of the pipe wall was less than the wax precipitation temperature of oil. When oil temperature is less than the wax precipitation temperature of oil, the wax was deposited in shear distersion.